The prevalence of overactive bladder was quite high in this study. Since sexual dysfunction is not an easy topic to talk about and can affect women's quality of life, physicians should consider talking about these issues besides urinary issues to all middle-aged women.
Despite recent advances in perinatal care, Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes (PPROM) continues to lead to important obstetric complications. This study was aimed to evaluate the role of sonographic measurement of myometrial thickness in prediction of latency interval in women with PPROM. This analytic- descriptive and case- control study was performed on pregnant women with PPROM presenting to Tabriz Al-Zahra Hospital since 2006 to 2008. Thirty pregnant women with PPROM and 30 pregnant women with normal pregnancy were enrolled. Mean gestational age was 30.60 +/- 1.99 week and in case and 31.13 +/- 20.01 week in control group (p = 0.307). Mean gravidity was 1.63 +/- 0.49 in case and 1.47 +/- 0.50 in control group (p = 0.210). Mean parity was 0.53 +/- 0.62 in case and 0.57 0.50 in control group (p = 0.819). Mean anterior myometrial thickness was 8.23 +/- 2.59 mm in case and 7.71 +/- 1.45 mm in control group (p = 0.344). Mean posterior myometrial thickness was 8.90 +/- 2.86 mm in case and 8.12 +/- 1.54 mm in control group (p = 0.197). Mean fundus myometrial thickness was 9.10 +/- 3.54 mm in case and 8.77 +/- 1.77 mm in control group (p = 0.648). Mean latency interval of women with PPROM was 18.70 +/- 20.68 day and mean sonography to labor interval was 57.30 +/- 16.14 day (p < 0.01). Mean latency interval of women with PPROM was significantly shorter than mean sonography to labor interval in control group patients (p < 0.05). In our study, 50% of women in 10 first days after PPRM labored and only 43.3% of women labored in 7 first days after PPROM. In this study, significant correlation was not found between myocardial sickness in anterior, posterior and fundus with latency interval.
Objectives: Urinary incontinence (UI) and anal incontinence (AI) cause concern, social exclusion, and ultimately reduced quality of life in women. The aim of present study was to assess the prevalence and related risk factors of UI, AI, and pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Methods: The present study recruited 340 menopausal women living in Tabriz in northwest Iran. The data collection tools included the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20 and a personal and social information questionnaire. POP was diagnosed via clinical examination using the simplified pelvic organ prolapse quantification system. Results: The prevalence of UI and POP was approximately 50%, and approximately 16% of participants reported AI. Based on the odds ratios, the most remarkable risk factor of urinary stress incontinence was the number of vaginal deliveries, whereas that of urinary urge incontinence was obesity. Episiotomy and age were the most major risk factors of AI and POP, respectively. Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that the prevalence of POP, UI, and AI is remarkably high among postmenopausal women, warranting the need to prioritize the assessment of POP and various incontinences in middle-aged women in the primary health care system. Furthermore, increased emphasis should be put on modifiable risk factors.
Background:Reproductive health researchers are interested in finding better methods for predicting an unwanted type of delivery after induction of labor. The aim of this study was to compare the value of transvaginal ultrasonography findings and the Bishop score in predicting cesarean section after induction of labor.Methods:Two hundred women with singleton pregnancies undergoing induction of labor at 37–42 weeks were enrolled in this prospective study. Transvaginal investigation was done for all participants prior to induction. To compare the predictive value of the methods, receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted and equality of the area under curve (AUC) was tested.Results:The mean age of the participants was 29.9 years, mean gestational age was 39.6 weeks, and mean gravid was 1.5. The AUC calculated for Bishop score was 0.39 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.3–0.48). The AUC for cervical length measured by ultrasonography was 0.69 (95% CI 0.6–0.77). The AUC for the posterior cervical angle measured by ultrasonography was 0.38 (95% CI 0.29–0.47). Testing equality of the ROC curves for these three methods showed the ROC for cervical length to be statistically different from both Bishop score and posterior cervical angle (P < 0.001). However, the difference in ROC area compared between Bishop score and posterior cervical angle was not statistically significant.Conclusion:Based on our findings and available information in the literature, it seems that cervical length measured by transvaginal ultrasonography has the potential to replace the traditional Bishop score, provided that such a facility is available when needed.
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