The present studies were carried out to observe the dissipation pattern of chlorpyrifos on apple in Kashmir Valley. Persistence of chlorpyrifos in apple was studied following two applications rates of chlorpyrifos (Dursban 20 EC) at 200 g a.i. ha(-1) (single dose T 1) and 400 g a.i. ha(-1) (double dose T 2). The average initial deposit of chlorpyrifos was found to be 1.61 and 1.98 μg g(-1) for T 1 and T 2 application rates respectively on apple. The residues dissipated to 0.09 and 0.06 μg g(-1) after 15- and 30-day post treatment with half-life periods of 3.34 and 5.47 days in T 1 and T 2 application rates, respectively. The residues of chlorpyrifos dissipated to below limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.04 μg g(-1) after 30 day at T 1 application rate. A waiting period of 6 days must be observed for chlorpyrifos on apple at recommended application rate for the safety of consumers. Theoretical maximum residue contribution (TMRC) values were found to be far less than maximum permissible intake (MPI) at 0 day in both the dosages suggesting chlorpyrifos on apple in Kashmir is unlikely to cause health risks.
Field efficacy of horticulture mineral oil Rilso 999 and MAK All Season at different concentrations were evaluated at two locations i.e., Lar (District Ganderbal) and Hajin (District Bandipora) of J&K during 2017 and 2018, all the treatments were significantly superior in terms of mortality of San Jose scale Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock) (SJS) and European red mite (ERM) Panonychus ulmi (Koch) as compared to untreated control. The cumulative mean mortality of SJS (58.08% and 62.20%) and ERM (58.69% and 53.65%) at recommended dose of 7.5 ml/ l of water both for standard check (MAK All Season) and Rilso999, respectively. Maximum (27.14 and 19.63 %) cumulative mortality of Amblyseius spp. and Coccinellids were recorded with Rilso999@ 10 ml/ l of water, respectively. No phytotoxicity symptoms viz., leaf injury, yellowing, wilting, necrosis, hyponasty and epinasty were observed with Rilso999 at 15 ml/ l of water. Maximum yield (246.16 kg/tree) was attained with MAK (standard check) @7.5 ml/ l of water.
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