This paper discusses the manufacture and characterization of activated carbon from bamboo apus (Gigantochloa apus) with H3PO4 activator. The aims of study were to determine the optimum carbonization temperture and time as well as the amount of phosphoric acid required as the chemical activator. In addition, the activated carbon was also characterized following the Indonesian National Standard (SNI-1995) for activated carbon. Tthe activated carbon functional groups was determined using FTIR spectroscopy. The result showed that the optimum temperature of carbonization was 600oC, the carbonization time was 90 minutes and the phosphoric acid required was 20 gram for 1 gram carbon. Under these conditions, the activated carbon resulted met SNI-1995 with the characteristics as follows: the water content was (1.11±0.83%), the level of volatile substances was (8.13± 0.27%), the total ash amount was (7.33±1.35%), the carbon contents was (83.40±0.27%). and the absorption capacities of iodine and methylen blue were of 1057.75 mg/g, 472.88 mg/g, respectively. FTIR identification indicated the existence of some functional groups, namely aromatik, ketone, and hydroxyl.
AbstrakPengembangan usaha tani kentang di Kabupaten Karo dan Kabupaten Simalungun Sumatera Utara sangat dibatasi oleh tingginya serangan hama sehingga penggunaan pestisida mutlak dibutuhkan. Peningkatan dosis Kalium dan penggunaan pestisida nabati merupakan suatu strategi untuk mengurangi serangan hama pada kentang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah peningkatan dosis Kalium dan aplikasi beberapa pestisida nabati dapat menurunkan persentase serangan hama pada tanaman dan meningkatkan produksi kentang. Penelitian dirancang dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) factorial dengan 2 faktor yaitu Dosis Kalium yang terdiri dari 4 taraf : K0 = Kontrol ; K1= 100 kg/ha (30 g/plot) ; K2= 150 kg/ha (45 g/plot) ; K3 = 200 kg/ha (60 g/plot). Dan Faktor kedua adalah jenis pestisida nabati yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu : N 1 =20 g/liter air Ekstrak Daun Mimba ; N 2 = 20 g/liter air Ekstrak Daun Babadotan ; N 3 =20 g/liter air Ekstrak Daun Kipahit. Data dianalisis dengan sidik ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan dosis Kalium tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap persentase serangan hama dan peubah produksi tanaman. Jenis pestisida nabati berpengaruh nyata terhadap persentase serangan hama, akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap peubah produksi tanaman. Persentase serangan hama paling rendah diperoleh pada aplikasi pestisida nabati ekstrak daun babadotan. Secara umum persentase serangan hama termasuh kategori sangat ringan (<25%). Kata kunci : pestisida nabati, hama, kentang. AbstractPotato production in Karo and Simalungun Regency of North Sumatra is severely limited by the high number of pest attacks, so that the use of pesticides is absolutely necessary. Increasing potassium doses and application botanical pesticides can be used as a strategy to reduce pest attacks on potatoes. This study aims to determine whether an increase in potassium dose and application of some botanical pesticides can reduce the percentage of pest attacks and then increasing potato production. Research was designed by factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 factors, namely Potassium Dosage consist of 4 levels: K0 = Control; K1 = 100 kg / ha (30 g / plot); K2 = 150 kg / ha (45 g / plot); K3 = 200 kg / ha (60 g / plot). And the second factor is the type of botanical pesticide which consist of 3 levels, namely: N1 = 20 g Neem leaves/ liter of water; N2 = 20 g babadotan leaves/ liter of water; N3 = 20 g Kipahit leaves/ liter of water. Data were analyzed by analyzed of variance. The results showed that an increase in potassium dosage did not significantly affect the percentage of pest attacks and plant production variables. Botanical pesticides have a significant effect on the percentage of pest attacks, but have not significant effect on crop production variables. The lowest percentage of pest attacks was obtained from the application of botanical pesticides from babadotan leaf extract. In general, the percentage of pest attacks in the category was very low (<25%), so that not significantly affect to production variab...
Shallot (Allium ascalonicum) is one of the potential horticulture plant to be developed. In most parts of the world shallot has become a popular spice that makes food tasty in addition to its much needed nutrients. Goat manure and NPK ferilizers are used to get more plant production The study was conducted to investgate the respon sof growth and production of shallot on the application of goat manure and anorganic fertilizerNPK. The experiment was a Randomized Block Design replicated three times with twelve tretments. The goat manure rates (K) consisted of four levels, i.e K0 (nogoatmanureapplication), K1 (1 kg plot-1), K2 (2 kg. plot-1), K3 (3kg.plot-1), while the NPK fertilizer consisted of three levels, i.e N1 (10g.plot-1), N2 (15g.plot-1), N3 (20g.plot-1), The result indicated the application of goat manure up to K3(3 kg.plot-1)affected plant height,nuber of leaves, ,bulb fresh weight bulb dryweight, and bulb diameter significantly. Increasing NPK application up to level 20g.plot1, significantly affected plant height, bulb fresh weight, bulb dry weight, bulb diameter but not significantly affected plant height, leaves number
Abstrak Penelitian ini dilakukan di lahan praktikum Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Methodist Indonesia, Jl. Harmonika Baru, Tj. Sari, dengan ketinggian tempat ± 32 meter dpl. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bulan Juli sampai dengan September 2019. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian biochar dan POC terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil pakcoy(Brassica rapa L.)pada tanah ultisol. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah biocharterdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu : A0= 0 g/polybag (kontrol), A1= 100g/polybag, A2 = 150kg/polybag, A3 = 200 g/polybag. Faktor kedua adalah POC terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu : N1= 5 cc/l air, N2 = 10cc/l air, N3 = 15 cc/l air.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biocharberpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 5 MST, jumlah daun umur 5 MST, bobot segar per plot dan panjang akar tetapi berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap bobot segar per sampel. Perlakuan POC berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah daun umur 5 MST dan bobot segar per plot tetapi berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, bobot segar per sampel dan panjang akar. Interaksi biochar dan POC berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap seluruh parameter pengamatan.
Soybean (Glycine max L) is a potential agricultural commodity to be developed in Indonesia. Soybeans have a high protein content which is beneficial for health. Nitrogen fertilizers and cow manure are often used to increase crop production. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the dose of N fertilizer and cow manure on the growth and production of soybean (Glycine max L.). The research was conducted at the Regional Technical Service Unit (UPTD) of Palawija Seeds, Tanjung Selamat Jalan Pendidikan, Medan Sunggal, Deli Serdang, North Sumatra with an altitude of ± 30 meters above sea level (m asl). The study was conducted using a factorial randomized block design (RAK) which consisted of 2 treatment factors, namely: The first factor was N fertilizer consisting of 4 concentration levels, namely: P0 = Control, P1 = N fertilizer dose 15 gr/plot (150 kg/ha) , P2 = Dosage of N fertilizer 30 gr/plot (300 kg/ha), P3 = Dose of N fertilizer 45 gr/plot (450 kg/ha). The second factor is cow manure (K) with 3 dose levels, namely: K1 = 1 kg/plot (10 tons/ha), K2 = 1.5 kg/plot (15 tons/ha), K3 = 2 kg/plot (20 tons/ha). The results showed that fertilizer N had a significant effect on plant height, number of empty pods per sample, number of filled pods per sample, seed weight per sample, seed weight per plot and weight of 100 seeds but had no significant effect on flowering age. Cow manure had a significant effect on the number of empty pods per sample, seed weight per sample and seed weight per plot but had no significant effect on plant height, flowering age, number of filled pods per sample and weight of 100 seeds. The interaction of N fertilizer and cow manure had no significant effect on plant height, flowering age, number of empty pods per sample, number of filled pods per sample, seed weight per sample, seed weight per plot and weight of 100 seeds.
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