Cases of industrial accidents occur as a result of corporations ignoring or not caring about the terms and conditions of occupational health and safety (OHS) according to Law Number 1 of 1970 concerning Occupational Safety (UUKK). The purpose of this research is to analyze the responsibility of corporate criminal liability if the OHS protection of workers/laborers is not implemented in the workplace. The research method used is legal research (normative juridical) with a statutory approach. The results of this study conclude that corporations must be liable for criminal liability for OHS workers' protection on the grounds that due to the bitter history of the conditions of Indonesian labor protection since the colonial era, protection is a concretization of Pancasila values, neglect of OHS protection is a violation of workers human rights at work, neglect of workers protection as an abuse of economic power and as a form of corporate crime. For the future, expectations this research contributed to knowledge and stakeholders aware of the importance of corporations burdened with criminal liability in the event that the protection of workers. Of personal skills, expected characteristics include the ability to protected workers and the ability to perform the renewal of the formulation of corporate criminal liability policies in accordance with the development of corporate punishment and living values in society.
This study looked at how the concept of criminal culpability without fault is viewed and applied in Indonesian environmental law. The idea was only applicable in civil proceedings under present legislation, removing the potential of its application in criminal cases. This was a doctrinal legal research project that used statutory and conceptual approaches. The study argued that regulatory infractions intended to safeguard the public interest are routinely subjected to criminal liability without fault. To avoid long-term and difficult-to-repair harm to people or the environment, this environmental violations philosophy was critical. Infractions with administrative repercussions had to be limited in the absence of proof of the mental element in the statute. Unauthorized waste/emissions discharged into the environment are forbidden, and have the potential to harm the environment.
Pasal 26 ayat (1) UUD 1945 menyatakan bahwa orang-orang bangsa Indonesia asli dan orang-orang bangsa lain disahkan dengan undang-undang menjadi warga negara. Hak atas status kewarganegaraan dimanatkan Pasal 28D ayat (4) dinyatakan sebagai hak asasi manusia (HAM, human rights) yang dijamin dan dilindungi oleh negara. Ketentuan kewarganegaraan ini dipertegas kembali oleh Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2006 tentang Kewarganegaraan. Menurut Pasal 2 UU Kewarganegaraan, yang menjadi Warga Negara Indonesia (WNI) adalah orang-orang bangsa Indonesia asli dan orang-orang bangsa lain yang disahkan dengan undang-undang sebagai warga negara, melalui permohonan pewarganegaraan. Pemohon kewarganegaraan yang diperoleh melalui pewarganegaraan diwajibkan mengucapkan ikrar sumpah atau menyatakan janji setia, mengakui, tunduk, dan setia kepada Pancasila. Permasalahan muncul ketika negara menuai badai ideologis oleh WNI sendiri (dengan contoh kasus) yang menunjukkan sikap kontradiktif terhadap Pancasila sebagai ideologi negara. Sikap tersebut menjadi antitesis, sebab di alam demokrasi moderen kebebasan menyatakan pendapat adalah juga hak asasi yang dijamin Pasal 28 dan Pasal 28E ayat (2) dan ayat (3) UUD NRI Tahun 1945 dan UU HAM, sebagai perwujudan dan ciri negara hukum (rechtsstaat). Peraturan perundang-undangan sama sekali tidak mengatur atau memberikan sanksi terkait status kewarganegraan, ketika warga (masyarakat) menyatakan sikap kontradiktif (menolak, tidak tunduk) kepada asas tunggal Pancasila sebagai ideologi negara. Penelitian ini akan menjawab hal yang mendasari warga negara dengan status kewarganegaraan yang melekat padanya harus tunduk kepada Pancasila. Juga, diperbolehakannya warga negara menyatakan/ memberi pendapat/pikiran yang bersifat kontradiktif terhadap Pancasila meski dalam persfektif kebebasan menyatakan pendapat atau pikiran dijamin oleh konstitusi. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitia hukum (legal research) melalui pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dengan menggunakan bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan non hukum. Kata Kunci : Pancasila; ideologi; kewarganegaraan.
Act 1 year 1970 on Occupational Safety (UUKK) is a legal umbrella of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) of Indonesia. UUKK uses penal policy as a rational effort to tackle criminal protection of OSH worker/labor in the workplace. However, the high industrial accident that occurred every year that caused many workers/laborers suffered defects/death, and the absence of industrial accident cases that use UUKK as the basis for prosecution/criminal radiomen indicates that UUKK dysfunction. There is a contradiction with the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUDNRI) of 1945 that explicitly provide a guarantee of OSH protection as a human rights worker in the workplace. The protection of OSH workers is the derivation of the values of Pancasila which is the guidance of the state and every community association, including in the industry working relationship between the entrepreneurs/corporations and workers/workers. The objectives of the UUKK penal policy are in line with the country's purpose, which is to provide OSH protection for the welfare of workers/laborers, as mentioned on The Fourth Opening of UUDNRI in 1945. The problem raised, why UUKK dysfunction. Search the root of the problem using a normative juridical research method with the legislation approach. The results of the study concluded, UUKK dysfunction caused the poor policy of criminal formulation of UUKK so it does not allow to be enforced because it is recommended, renewal of the formulation policy of UUKK with attention to the social realities of society.
Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui kebijakan formulasi Sistem Korporasi dalam perlindungan kesehatan dan keselematan kerja (K3) mengggunakan grand theory Moh. Kusnardi dan Harmaily Ibrahim. Perlindungan K3 pekerja/buruh harus diwujudkan atas unsur-unsur komunal, religius dan kekeluargaan. Regulasi keselamatan kerja harus berperan menjaga fungsi sistem sosial bagi pekerja/buruh dalam kedudukannya yang lemah atas korporasi/pengusaha yang mendapatkam keuntungan dan kenikmatan dari kegiatan usahanya. Desain pada penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dan didukung oleh data sekunder yaitu dokumen undang-undang kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja sebagai wujud regulasi dalam melindungi pkerja/buruh. Tehnik pengumplan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan tehnik analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis kualitatif yaitu reduksi data, verifikasi data dan memberikan kesimpulan. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa Kebijakan formulasi sistem pertanggungjawaban kejahatan korporasi yang ideal dalam perlindungan K3 adalah dengan merujuk kepada Pancasila. Negara hukum Pancasila harus menjunjung tinggi sistem hukum yang menjamin kepastian hukum untuk melindungi pekerja/buruh dari setiap perilaku kejahatan korporasi. Upaya tersebut dilakukan dengan merumuskan secara eksplisit hukum korporasi yang dapat dibebani pertanggungjawaban, merumuskan kualifikasi perbuatan (regulatory offences) yang dapat dianggap sebagai tindak kejahatan korporasi, sesuai dengan Undang-Undang (UU) K3 dengan memperhatikan perkembangan sanksi terhadap korporasi.
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