The aim and objectives of the study was to analyze the skin surface temperature distribution in dental disorders using thermal imaging and to segment the region of interest using k-means algorithm and to perform statistical feature extraction for the total population studied. Thermal images were obtained for left profile, right profile, and front profile for the total population to be studied. The thermal image was segmented using k-means algorithm and the features were extracted from the segmented output image for both normal and dental disorder subjects. The results obtained from the study depicts that the mean temperature difference between the abnormal diseased subjects and the healthy controls in the front, left and right facial region was found to be 8.75%, 7.89% and 9.3% respectively. Among the regions examined in the facial thermogram, right facial region depicts the highest percentage difference of 9.3% found between the diseased subjects and normal group. From this data it is safe to infer that, presence of infections, significantly increases the temperature of the region. Hence thermography was used as a complimentary diagnostic tool in diagnosis of dental disorders.
Effectively managing resources encompasses accurate engineering of target formations and prudent execution of project capital. Attaining both requires employing current technologies and implementing efficient operations, especially with today's challenging drilling environment and economic climate. The influence of improved technologies and the latest operational developments has lead to a significant impact in the arena of coiled-tubing drilling operations. Coiled-tubing drilling is a rapidly growing technology that has been used for various applications nowadays such as drilling shallow new wells, re-entry applications, sidetracking etc. This paper summarizes the hypotheses and theories relating to the causes and expectations of Coiled-tubing drilling in various reservoirs worldwide. The intent of the paper is to:Provide a concise compendium to the current understanding of the coiled-tubing drilling operations.Provide a comprehensive single-source review of the various projects successfully completed in the area and lessons learned.Help operators develop operational and design strategies for current and future projects, as well as to input parameters for simulating current and future projects.
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) has become a popular catch phrase, both in scientific arena as well as on the political discussion. India, a country with a rapidly growing economy, where rise in economic growth goes hand in hand with an increase in energy demand which is currently met, as in many evolving economies, by fossil fuels. This ultimately leads to increase in GHG emissions. With the imminent threat of anthropogenic climate change in the coming decades, helping to control India's emissions will have to be a global priority. CCS can play a pivotal role in curbing India's emissions in the future, given its reliance on coal power and the large coal reserves. The main objective of this paper is to increase the understanding of the opportunities, issues and obstacles amongst the stakeholders regarding CCS in India. To achieve this objective, we have analyzed economic and institutional factors which encapsulate Indian power sector, challenges associated with the implementation of CCS, uncertainties linked with potential Co2 sources and sinks in India, needs and requirements for the future potential implementation of CCS in India. We have concluded our paper with relevant recommendations for the International Climate and CCS community to make conditions conducive for CCS in India.
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