Introduction: Aim/Objective: To compare first analgesic demand in minutes after obstetrics & gynecological operative procedures between pre-emptive versus intra-operative groups by using intravenous paracetamol. Study Design: A cross-sectional study Place and Duration: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Social Security Landhi Hospital, Karachi, and the total duration was 18 months i.e. 1st January 2019 till 30th June 2020. Methodology: Total number of patients were 120 and the age range was between 22- 50 years. Randomly patients were divided into two equal groups, group 1 and group 2. A total of 60 patients were in each group. In group 1, 1gram intravenous paracetamol was given 15 minutes before anesthesia either spinal or general. While in group 2, the same dose of intravenous paracetamol was given during operative procedures. Mean time for the first analgesic demand was observed and recorded. Result: Mean age of the patients was 40.53 ± 9.10 years in group 1 and 39.25 + 10.70 years in group 2 and the p-value was 0.820. The mean weight of patients was 62.25 ± 9.24 kg in group 1 and in group 2, it was 57.21 ± 11.48 kg and the p-value was 0.689. American society of anesthesiology-I status was found in 56 patients and American society of anesthesiology-II status was found in 64 patients. The mean time required for the first analgesic demand in group 1 was 188.75 ± 7.75 minutes and in group 2, it was 158.90 ± 12.50 minutes and the p-value was found<0.001 (significant) Conclusion: Time required for the first analgesic demand is prolonged (188.75 ± 7.75 minutes) in the pre-emptive paracetamol group as compared with the intra-operative group (158.90 ± 12.50 minutes).
Aim:To assess the Feto-Maternal Outcome in Covid-19 Positive Pregnancies Study design: A retrospective study Place and duration: This study was conducted at Sheikh khalifa bin Zayed hospital Quetta, Pakistan from February 2020 to Feburary2021 Methodology:After ethical committee approval for the study, all medical records were evaluated for symptomatic and asymptomatic COVID-19 positive pregnant females. After admission to the hospital, an experienced healthcare worker validated the SARS-COV-2 status of all afflicted women by taking nasopharyngeal swabs for real-time RT-PCR following WHO criteria.Bothfeto-maternal outcomes were observed, including psychological stress, fever, cough, sore throat, dyspnea, ICU hospitalizations, pneumonia, maternal transfer of COVID to newborn. SPSS version 22 was used to analyze the data. Results:The present study investigated 72 COVID-19 positive pregnant women. The mean age of females was 28 ± 5.6 years, and the mean gestational age was 37 weeks. The common symptoms were anxiety (18.1%), runny nose with fever (12.5%), cough and fever (9.7%), and sore throat (8.3), whereas 48.6% of cases were asymptomatic. Co-Morbidities include Hypertension (19.7), Anemia (8.3%), Diabetes Mellitus (5.6%), and Hypothyroidism (2.8%). Conclusion: The clinical course of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women appears similar to that of non-pregnant women. There was no vertical transmission of COVID-19, nor was there any neonatal mortality. Keywords: COVID-19, feto-maternal transmission, pandemic, pregnancy outcome
Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) can occur at any age in a woman’s life, and it is more prevalent in the premenopausal age group. Although anovulation is the most prevalent endometrial cause, other major reasons include endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial adenomatous polyps and cancer. For patients of all ages, it is one of the most prevalent presentations in Gynecology OPDs. AUB has a major impact on health-related quality of life, necessitating quick intervention. AUB treatment is difficult without a good diagnosis. As a result, pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women with AUB must have a thorough examination to rule out endometrial cancer. Aim: To assess the role of transvaginal ultrasound and color Doppler tomography (CDTU) in irregular uterine bleeding and correlate these findings with histological diagnosis. Methodology: The present study included 92 individuals with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), in those TVS, and Color Doppler was used to evaluate the endometrial pathologies. Endometrium, uterine size and any uterine or adnexal disease were evaluated during the TVS. Spiral arteries of the endometrium and uterine arteries were studied for their vascular patterns. The RI and PI of the uterine artery were determined. For PI, a cutoff of 1.83 was used, while for RI, a cutoff of 0.81 was used. The results were then compared to endometrial histology. Results: According to TVS, (see Table 1) the most common causes of AUB were leiomyoma (15.2%), polyp (12%), PCOS (9.8%), adenomyosis (5.43%) and endometrial development (3.3%). The uterine indicators of RI (0.81) and PI (1.83) of the uterine artery by CDTU revealed 11 patients with probable cancer. For AUB M, the TVS with CDTU specificity and sensitivity was 100 percent and 90.77 percent, respectively. The positive predictive value was 45%, whereas the negative predictive value was 100%. Conclusion: The use of vascular impedance and color Doppler of the uterine artery and endometrial spiral arteries improves the diagnostic accuracy of TVS for the prediction of endometrial diseases. It makes screening for malignant and premalignant lesions easier.
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