IntroductionCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects various organs including lungs, brain, and eyes. Very limited data is available related to the effect of COVID-19 on liver. This study is conducted to determine the impact of COVID-10 on liver by measuring the frequency of participants with deranged liver enzymes in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in a COVID-19 unit of a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan from February 2021 to June 2021. A total of 900 patients admitted with COVID-19 were enrolled in the study after seeking informed consent. After enrollment, taking history and vitals, 5 mL blood was drawn via phlebotomy and sent to the laboratory to test for C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, and liver enzymes. ResultsOverall 141 (28.2%) participants had a minimum of one deranged liver enzyme. The most commonly deranged liver enzyme found was alanine transaminase (ALT), both in males (19.9%) and females (21.3%), followed by aspartate transaminase (male: 18.3% and female: 20.3%). Serum total bilirubin was deranged in both males (8.4%) and females (8.3%). There was no significant difference in the gender-wise prevalence of deranged liver enzymes. ConclusionLiver enzymes are frequently deranged in patients admitted with COVID-19. Liver enzymes should be regularly monitored during the course of management of COVID-19, as various medications used in the treatment of COVID-19 may further deteriorate liver enzymes and may cause long-term damage.
Context: Viral hepatitis is a common infectious disorder with a high degree of mortality. The host immunological feedback to the hepatitis virus is dim and unable to down-regulate and clear infection. C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute phase reactant synthesized by hepatocytes in response to inflammatory reactions, facilitates apoptosis and phagocytosis. An effort has been made in the current meta-analysis study to elucidate the relationship between CRP and hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. Methods: Eighteen published research articles on CRP levels of viral hepatitis patients were included in this study. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled mean level for CRP. Results: The pooled mean level of CRP hepatitis B and hepatitis C was 6.93 mg/L (95% CI: 3.04 - 10.81) and 2.31 mg/L (95% CI: 1.06 - 3.55), respectively. A high degree of variance was observed among the studies, with the I2 more than 90%. Conclusions: The pooled mean level of CRP was within the normal range in patients with hepatitis C; however, it was high in patients with hepatitis B. The pooled mean CRP level reported in this study can be useful to determine the level of liver damage in patients with viral hepatitis.
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