Background: Patients with lung cancer often experience multiple symptoms associated with both the disease itself and the treatment. The disease and therapy-related adverse effects may lead to poor quality of life (QoL) and increased psychological distress. The aim of this study was to investigate the QoL and psychological distress of patients with lung cancer. The relationship between these two aspects was also an area of focus.Methods: This was a quantitative descriptive study. Data collection was done using a self-complementary tool. The data were collected between February and March 2020. The sample consisted of 135 patients with lung cancer who were undergoing chemotherapy in 1-day clinic in Athens (a sample of convenience).
Results:Regarding the QoL of our sample, we observed that the mean score of the physical health component of SF-12 was 38.17 ± 9.94 and of the mental health component was 45.63 ± 11.80. As regards the psychological distress of our sample, we observed that the mean score for depression was 4.55 ± 5.04, for anxiety was 3.84 ± 4.17 and for stress was 5.21 ± 5.01.
Conclusion:As is clear from the results, lung cancer patients reported poor QoL and increased rates of psychological distress.
The analysis with the EORTC QLQeLC13 showed that the CES-D was positively correlated with dyspnoea (r s ¼ .57, p < .01), coughing (r s ¼ .48, p < .01), haemoptysis (r s ¼.49, p < .01) and dysphagia (r s ¼.38, p < .05). However, when these variables were added as predictors of CES-D into a regression model (R 2 ¼ 0,80, p < 0,01) to assess their predictive power, none of them significantly predicted the depression score.Conclusions: Considering the above results, we concluded that depression was associated with quality of life in lung cancer patients with diabetes type 2.Legal entity responsible for the study: The authors.
Inpatient admissions and secondary care attendances accounted for 83% of total initiation phase and 64% of total maintenance phase costs. Significant variables contributing to high cost in the initiation phase were co-morbid hypertension and lower patient age, although only accounting for 5% of cost variability. Significant variables in the maintenance phase (18% of cost variability) were co-morbid congestive or structural heart disease and diabetes, and day-care attendances, ECGs and hospitalisations in the initiation phase. Mean maintenance phase costs were higher for patients managed by practices providing anticoagulation services (£555/€676/$865) than patients receiving secondary care anticoagulation (£421/€513/$656, pϭ0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The study confirms that inpatient admissions and secondary care attendances contribute most to total AF management costs. None of the variables analysed accounted for much variability in the total cost of AF management, suggesting that it is often not possible to predict which patients will be high NHS resource users. Future work should focus on how to safely reduce avoidable hospital admissions.
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