Background:The dislocated radial head in missed Monteggia fracture loses its concave articular surface and displays hypertrophic changes and flattened humeral capitellum configuration, thereby limiting the range of motion. We evaluated the results of open reduction in missed Monteggia fractures by various techniques.Materials and Methods:Sixty-three missed Monteggia fractures were included in the analysis. We performed four combinations of operation: Group I: 22 patients treated with modified Hirayama ulnar osteotomy plus annular ligament reconstruction with free Palmaris longus grafting; Group II:18 patients treated with modified Hirayama ulnar osteotomy plus annular ligament reconstruction by the Bell Tawse's procedure; Group III-9: patients treated with only modified Hirayama's osteotomy; and Group IV: 14 patients treated with transverse osteotomy of ulna and annular ligament reconstruction by the Bell Tawse's procedure. During followup these cases were assessed for the following parameters: 1) range of motion and 2) mayo elbow performance index (MEPI). Results were noted on follow ups at 3, 6, 12 months and then on yearly basis. Sixty-three patients were followed up for an average duration of 5.6 years (range 3-8 years).Results:The mean range of motion was increased by 45°, 30°, 45°, 20° for Group I, II, III and IV respectively. The average increase in MEPI scores was also almost on the same lines. There was one case of frank dislocation in group III and six cases of subluxation, two each in Groups II, III, and IV. For Annular ligament reconstruction, amongst two procedures, Groups II and IV (Bell Tawse group), had a significant extension lag contributing to the lower increase in the range of motion as compared to the Palmaris longus reconstruction group (group I).Conclusion:Hirayama's osteotomy is inherently more stable than the simple transverse osteotomy and it should be combined with annular ligament reconstruction. Palmaris longus graft for ligament reconstruction provides more stability as compare to Bell Towse's procedure.
Background:Nonunion of patella is an uncommon entity prevalent more commonly in developing countries. Many of them have a functional knee joint and only those with a wide gap and failed extensor mechanism need surgery. We report an analysis of nonunion of fracture patella treated by 3 surgical method.Materials and Methods:35 patients of nonunion/delayed union of patella with significant gap and failure of quadriceps mechanism, underwent three different methods surgically: 1) V–Y plasty and tension band wiring (n=10); 2) patellar traction followed by tension band wiring without V–Y plasty (n=15); and 3) patellar traction followed by partial or total patellectomy (n=10). We compared the results of the treatment in terms of Knee Society Score (KSS), Melbourne patella score, time of union, pain, range of movement, quadriceps power, and ability to do daily activities and complications encountered.Results:The 15 cases of patellar traction followed by tension band wiring showed the best results in terms of time to return to normal activities and complications encountered. Cases with patellectomy showed the next best results but they had a longer period of rehabilitation with ultimately lesser patient satisfaction. V–Y plasty gave the worst results both in complication rate and function return.Conclusion:Preoperative patellar traction followed by tension band wiring is a good procedure giving better results than either patellectomy or V–Y plasty.
Background:Standard treatment of chronic infected total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a two-stage revision, the first step being placement of an antibiotic-impregnated cement spacer. Here we describe the results of a new technique (modification of the Goldstien's technique) for intraoperative manufacture of a customized articulating spacer at minimal cost and with relatively good conformity and longevity.Materials and Methods:Thirty-six infected knees underwent this procedure from June 2002 to May 2007. The technique consists of using the freshened femur and tibia interface as molds wrapped in a tin foil for manufacturing the two components of the spacer with antibiotic-impregnated methyl methycrylate cement. We used the spacer and the femoral component of the trial set of a TKA system to mold them to perfect articulation. We also reinforced the spacer with a K-wire scaffold to prevent fracture of the cement mantle in the last 21 cases.Results:All 36 knees showed excellent results in terms of infection control, mobility, and stability. There was significant improvement in the WOMAC and Knee Society Scores (20 and 39 points respectively). There were two fractures of the spacers in the initial 15 cases that did not have K-wire scaffolding but none in the last 21 that had reinforcement.Conclusion:This technique provides a more conforming spacer, with good range of motion and stability. The reinforcement helps in preventing the fracture of the cement mantle and is cost effective.
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