SummaryHematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) are capable of supporting the lifelong production of blood cells exerting a wide spectrum of functions. Lentiviral vector HSPC gene therapy generates a human hematopoietic system stably marked at the clonal level by vector integration sites (ISs). Using IS analysis, we longitudinally tracked >89,000 clones from 15 distinct bone marrow and peripheral blood lineages purified up to 4 years after transplant in four Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome patients treated with HSPC gene therapy. We measured at the clonal level repopulating waves, populations' sizes and dynamics, activity of distinct HSPC subtypes, contribution of various progenitor classes during the early and late post-transplant phases, and hierarchical relationships among lineages. We discovered that in-vitro-manipulated HSPCs retain the ability to return to latency after transplant and can be physiologically reactivated, sustaining a stable hematopoietic output. This study constitutes in vivo comprehensive tracking in humans of hematopoietic clonal dynamics during the early and late post-transplant phases.

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. analysts to measure quality of service, and gather information about products and services. In this article, we analyse data from mystery shopping surveys via Bayesian networks in order to examine and evaluate the quality of service offered by the loan departments of Greek banks. Terms of use: Documents inWe use mystery shopping visits to collect information about loan products and services and, by this way, evaluate the customer satisfaction and plan improvement strategies that will assist Banks to reach their internal standards. Bayesian Networks not only provide a pictorial representation of the dependence structure between the characteristics of interest but also allow to evaluate, interpret and understand the effects of possible improvement strategies.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose the use of probabilistic expert systems (PES), as a tool for managing complex multivariate and highly structured information. The aim of this paper is to verify PES' effective potentiality in quality management.Design/methodology/approachIn the social surveys context, the questionnaire is a well‐known tool for gathering data. Statistical techniques characterised by different levels of complexity can be used to extract from the collected data differently detailed information to support decisions. The paper focuses on PES, belonging to the family of multivariate statistical models, that are presented by an application to a public administration survey.FindingsThe results of an application of PES to a citizens' satisfaction survey are presented. These results will show that probabilistic expert systems are a promising tool for service improvement analysis, based on customer perceptions. The key factors that have an impact on overall satisfaction, suggesting potential improvement areas in processes are identified in detail.Practical implicationsPES can integrate subject‐matter knowledge and statistical information obtained from the questionnaire producing a knowledge instrument. Having this kind of knowledge helps one to make managerial decisions and plan improvement actions.Originality/valuePES can be considered as an innovative and valid way to orient strategic decisions. In particular, using the information enclosed in PES and the know‐how concerning the organization, the decision‐maker can take decisions supported by a scientific and objective tool.