To detect the minimal residual disease (MRD) in acute promyelocytic leukaemia patients treated with all‐trans retinoic acid, we compared the sensitivity of metaphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with conventional analysis of G‐banded metaphases. 5 out of 6 patients studied at diagnosis showed the t(15;17) translocation. 4 out of 5 patients carrying t(15;17) achieved complete remission and conventional cytogenetic conversion. In 3 cases the whole chromosome painting (WCP) probe 17 discovered one normal chromosome 17 and two fragments indicative of t(15;17) persistence. The FISH‐WCP technique seems to be highly sensitive and recommendable in monitoring leukaemias with specific chromosome rearrangements.
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