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BackgroundAbdominal obesity has become an important public health issue in China. Socioeconomic disparities are thought to be closely related to the prevalence of abdominal obesity. Exploring socioeconomic disparities in abdominal obesity over the life course in China could inform the design of new interventions to prevent and control abdominal obesity.MethodsThe China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) was a prospective household-based study involving seven rounds of surveys between 1993 and 2011. Twenty three thousand, two hundred and forty-three individuals were followed up over an 18-year period. The mixed effects models with random intercepts were used to assess the effects on abdominal obesity. Six key socioeconomic indicators, with age and age-squared added to the models, were used to identify socioeconomic disparities in abdominal obesity over the adult life course.ResultsPrevalence of abdominal obesity increased non-linearly with age over the adult life course. Abdominal obesity was more prevalent in younger than older birth cohorts. Positive period effects on the prevalence of abdominal obesity were substantial from 1993 to 2011, and were stronger among males than females. Prevalence of abdominal obesity was higher among ethnic Han Chinese and among the married [coefficient (95% confidence intervals): 0.03(0.003, 0.057) and 0.035(0.022, 0.047), respectively], and was lower among males [coefficient (95% confidence intervals): − 0.065(− 0.075,-0.055)]. A higher-level of urbanization and higher household income increased the probability of abdominal obesity [coefficient (95% confidence intervals): 0.160(0.130, 0.191), 3.47E− 4 (2.23E− 4, 4.70E− 4), respectively], while individuals with more education were less likely to experience abdominal obesity [coefficient (95% confidence intervals): − 0.222 (− 0.289, − 0.155)] across adulthood.ConclusionsIn China, abdominal obesity increased substantially in more recent cohorts. And people with lower educational attainment, with higher household income, or living in more urbanized communities may be the disadvantaged population of abdominal obesity over the adult life course. Effective interventions targeting the vulnerable population need to be developed.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12939-018-0809-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Rationale:Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is an inflammatory autoimmune demyelinating polyneuropathy that affects most of the peripheral nervous system. Papilledema and raised intracranial pressure (ICP) are seen in some patients, and are thought to be associated with elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein—though CSF protein levels are normal in some patients, thus the specific mechanisms remain unclear. Interleukin (IL)-17 levels are elevated in the CSF and plasma in GBS patients, and elevated IL-17 in the CSF of patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension has been reported. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) exerts therapeutic effects by downregulating IL-17 in GBS patients.Patient concerns:Herein we describe a case of a 14-year-old girl who initially presented with relapsing limb weakness.Diagnoses:Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an enlarged ventricle, electromyography, and nerve conduction studies were suggestive of polyradiculopathy, and lumbar puncture revealed elevated ICP with normal cells and elevated protein values.Interventions:She was treated with IVIG 0.4 g/kg per day for 5 days.Outcomes:At a 6-month follow-up there had been no recurrence.Lessons subsections:In GBS patients who have a relapsing course and develop papilledema with possible immunological disturbance, an accurate early diagnosis in conjunction with the prompt initiation of immunotherapy may improve clinical symptoms and the prognosis.