In this work, GFRPs with layer-up [+22/-22/90] were prepared and hybridized with 0.5wt% of GNPs to introduce in-situ crack suppression ability. Optimization of the processing parameters of ultrasonic dual mode mixing (UDM) process was adopted to disperse GNPs uniformly in the epoxy system and place them evenly at the interfacial zones of GFRPs. Test results show that 102% and 153% enhancement in tensile strength and Young's modulus has been achieved by the proposed method. Low stirring speed and low pulse-off time show significant effect on properties of the GFRPs. The fragmentation behaviour was investigated under optical microscope for GNP infused hybrid GFRPs and compared to that of the control. Failure investigation examined under FESEM showed reduced delamination for hybrid GFRPs having randomly oriented GNPs in their interfacial zone. This work exposes the effective espousal of the process to prepare GNP infused hybrid GFRPs having crack suppression ability at the interfaces.
The performance characteristics of a thin film lubricated journal bearing are investigated by means of three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics analysis. The 3D Navier Stokes compressible equations were integrated to simulate the flow. Turbulence effects were included in the computation of unsteady transient analysis of journal bearing, taking into account gravity. The Journal bearing is designed in Gambit software, the journal is modeled as a ''moving wall'' with an absolute rotational speed of 3000rpm. The flow is simulated using Ansys Fluent software. Design parameters like relative eccentricity, dimensionless load carrying capacity, dimensionless wall shear stress, friction coefficient, Reynolds number, Sommerfeld number, strain rate, pressure distribution, temperature distribution and lubricant flow properties like turbulent viscosity, and velocity magnitude are considered for the analysis. It is assumed that the flow of lubricant is laminar and isothermal. Unsteady transient analysis is carried out for the journal bearing with different L/D ratios of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 and the corresponding results: relative eccentricity vs. Sommerfeld number, Dimensionless load carrying capacity vs. relative eccentricity, and dimensionless friction coefficient vs. relative eccentricity are presented in the analysis.
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