Abstract. Badiaraja PH, Zubaidah S, Kuswantoro H. 2021. Maternal effect of agronomic and morphological characters on cluster structure of F3 soybean lines. Biodiversitas 22: 969-982. The study was to determine the maternal effect on the agronomic and morphological characters and their impact on F3 soybean lines cluster structure. The results showed the maternal effect was found in agronomic and morphological characters. In agronomic characters, the maternal effect was shown by plant height, number of productive nodes, number of filled pods, seed weight per plant, and 100-seed weight. In morphological characters, pod width, pod thickness, seed width, and seed thickness were shown by pod width. Based on cluster analysis results, at Grobogan/UM 3-2 cross, the best individuals for the number of branches, the number of productive nodes, the number of filled pods, the number of unfilled pods, the number of seeds per plant, and the seed yield per plant were obtained in Cluster 2. For the 100-seed weight, pod length, pod width, pod thickness, seed width, and seed thickness, the best individuals were in Cluster 1. Meanwhile, at UM 3-2/Grobogan cross, the best individuals for the plant height were in Cluster 2, while seed length was in Cluster 3. For the number of seeds per pod, the best individuals can be obtained from Cluster 6. The maternal-effect led to the cluster structure differed between cross and its reciprocal.
Abstract. Nurhidayah S, Firmansyah E, Haryanto TAD, Dewi PS. 2021. Genetic studies of grain physical characteristics and grain color from the crosses of black × white rice genotypes. Biodiversitas 22: 2763-2772. This study was conducted to investigate genetic variance, cytoplasmic maternal effect, gene action, and broad-sense heritability of grain physical characteristics and grain color from crosses of black × white rice genotypes (Oryza sativa). Genetic studies were conducted using F2 generations from the crosses of black × white rice genotypes and their reciprocal crosses. The plant materials consisted of seven black rice genotypes (PH2, PH3, PH4, PH5, PH6, PH7, and PH8), three commercial white rice varieties (Inpari 13, Inpari 18, and Inpari 19), a total of 30 F2 generations, and their reciprocal crosses. There are four-grain physical traits examined: grain length, grain width, grain thickness, and grain color. The result showed that maternal cytoplasmic effect was present in most F2 generations and their reciprocal crosses. The characters of grain length, grain width, and grain thickness are controlled by polygene with additive action. Based on the results of the Chi-Square Test, the grain color did not follow the expected 1: 2: 1 ratio for incomplete dominance involving monogenic traits. Broad sense heritability for grain length, grain width, and grain thickness are varied from low to medium for a cross of black rice genotypes × Inpari 19, and low to high for the crosses of black rice genotypes × Inpari 13 and black rice genotypes × Inpari 18.
<div align="center"><table width="645" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="439"><p><strong>Abstract:</strong> This study aims to develop a PBL-based module that is valid, practical and effective, based on the results of the CpMMV resistant soybean hybridization cluster analysis research. Modules are developed using the ASIE instructional design model. Data was collected using validation questionnaire, critical thinking essay questions, and student responses questionnaire. Data analysis using quantitative descriptive analysis techniques and N-gain score. The results showed that the average percentage of module validity was 93% with highly valid criteria. The practicality of the module shows a percentage of 78% with rather practical criteria. The module's effectiveness in increasing critical thinking skills is rather effective with an average percentage of 56.40% and N-gain value of 0.56 with the medium category.</p><p class="Abstract"><strong>Abstrak:<em> </em></strong>Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan modul berbasis <em>P</em><em>roblem</em> <em>B</em><em>ased </em><em>Learning</em> yang layak, efektif, dan praktis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian analisis <em>cluster</em> persilangan kedelai tahan CpMMV. Modul disusun mengacu pada versi desain pembelajaran ASIE. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen angket validasi, soal berpikir kritis, dan angket tanggapan siswa. Teknik deskriptif kuantitatif dan skor <em>N-gain</em> digunakan sebagai teknik analisa data. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan rata-rata persentase kelayakan modul senilai 93%, termasuk kategori layak. Kepraktisan modul menunjukkan persentase sebesar 78% dengan kriteria cukup praktis. Keefektifan modul dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis tergolong cukup efektif dengan rata-rata persentase sebesar 56,40% dan skor N-<em>gain</em> senilai 0,56, termasuk kategori sedang.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
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