To our knowledge, few independent studies of HNB products have been published. In this paper, a comprehensive list of chemical releases was tested systematically and compared to those from 3R4F. Although THS 2.2 generates lower levels of harmful constituents, the nicotine and tar levels were almost identical to 3R4F.The results should be discussed carefully in the future when assess the dual-use with other conventional cigarettes, nicotine dependence of HNB products, etc. This study also suggests that regulatory agencies should pay attention to the smoking regimes that are adopted to evaluate HNB tobacco products.

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The effect of 30 phenols and anilines on typical Ru complex electrochemiluminescence (ECL) was systematically investigated under different conditions. It was found that all the tested compounds showed an ECL inhibiting signal. The magnitude of ECL inhibition was related to the position of the substituting group in the benzene ring and decreased in the following order: meta-> ortho-> para-. The oxidation potential of the tested compounds, the ECL spectra and UV-visible absorption spectra of Ru(bpy) 2þ 3 /tripropylamine (TPrA) in the presence of phenols and anilines, and the direct ECL between Ru(bpy) 2þ 3 and phenols/aniline were studied. The mechanism of ECL inhibition has been proposed due to energy transfer from the excited state Ru(bpy) system, respectively.

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A flow injection (FI)-electrochemiluminescent (ECL) method has been developed for the determination of gallic acid, based on an inhibition effect on the Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)/tri- n-propylamine (TPrA) ECL system in pH 8.0 phosphate buffer solution. The method is simple and convenient with a determination limit of 9.0x10(-9) mol/L and a dynamic concentration range of 2x10(-8)-2x10(-5) mol/L. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was 1.0% for 1.0x10(-6) mol/L gallic acid ( n=11). It was successfully applied to the determination of gallic acid in Chinese proprietary medicine-Jianming Yanhou Pian. The inhibition mechanism proposed for the quenching effect of the gallic acid on the Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)/TPrA ECL system was the interaction of electrogenerated Ru(bpy)(3)(2+*) and o-benzoquinone derivative at the electrode surface. The ECL emission spectra and UV-visible absorption spectra were applied to confirm the mechanism.