Soil is defined as minerals, gases, organic matter, liquid and organisms which together supports the life. Black cotton soil being clayey, deep, and impermeable, expands and becomes sticky during rainy season and contracts during the dry season engendering deep cracks. Black cotton soil being more expansive in nature, the shear strength is very less and thereby, lowering the bearing capacity too. To overcome the problem of low strength and bearing capacity of locally available soil and to stabilize soil for a longer life of buildings, improvisations have become a necessity. In this present study an effective technique is provided for ground improvement for soil stabilization using bio enzyme. Bio-enzyme namely Terrazyme is added to improvise Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) value of soil, and these are further compared with virgin soil’s CBR and UCS values. The laboratory tests were conducted like California Bearing Ratio Test, Atterberg Consistency Limits and Compaction test on soil samples with differential Terrazyme. Percentages for redefining the properties. From the results, it is evident that Terrazyme has proven to be a most satisfying add-on that helps in improvising the supreme characteristics of the soil with the usage up to 0.2 - 0.4 ml. Being economical and eco-friendly makes it to stand out of all and has made it more preferable than other enzymes. The study concludes, the soil has become more stable to support a greater life span and more strengthened in the presence of Terrazyme. The experimental investigations and further discussions concerning Terrazyme usage can be more precisely contemplated in the paper.
With increased demand and limited aggregate and binder supply brings the use of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) as a valuable component in Hot Mix Asphalt(HMA) since 1970’s in US. Later on, the use of RAP has evolved into a regular practice in many countries around the world and use of these materials in the past has proven to be economically and environmentally sound. Mixing of RAP in virgin materials has been greatly favored over virgin materials because of increase in cost of asphalt, scarcity of quality aggregates and asphalt. The use of RAP in pavement design is Recycling the left over Asphalt through crushing and is recycled back into asphalt which performs equal or better than the virgin mixtures. Now-a- days being more environmentally friendly is important and hence, recycling on site can offer real benefits not only through better planning and regulations, but also saving in the waste disposal charges, energy saving which is modified into the strengthen material. The use of RAP is gaining momentum in India at present and very less studies were carried out and there were no such studies on complete usage of RAP and hence this study was carried out for complete utilization of RAP content in Bituminous mixture. Experimental results show that, RAP materials has much better resistance under compressive load and impact load than virgin materials, i.e. 8.43% of impact value and 6.23% of crushing value was obtained for RAP whereas 12.83% of impact value and 9.07% of crushing value was obtained for virgin material. It was found that 30 to 50% of RAP material can be preferable for the construction of roads where as on using 100% RAP the pavement becomes weak and unstable.
With increased demand and limited aggregate and binder supply brings the use of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) as a valuable component in Hot Mix Asphalt(HMA) since 1970’s in US. Later on, the use of RAP has evolved into a regular practice in many countries around the world and use of these materials in the past has proven to be economically and environmentally sound. Mixing of RAP in virgin materials has been greatly favored over virgin materials because of increase in cost of asphalt, scarcity of quality aggregates and asphalt. The use of RAP in pavement design is Recycling the left over Asphalt through crushing and is recycled back into asphalt which performs equal or better than the virgin mixtures. Now-a-days being more environmentally friendly is important and hence, recycling on site can offer real benefits not only through better planning and regulations, but also saving in the waste disposal charges, energy saving which is modified into the strengthen material. The use of RAP is gaining momentum in India at present and there were very limited studies carried out on the use of RAP in Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) as well. Therefore an ample scope exists inorder to investigate the complete usage of RAP content.
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