Desulphurization of model and real oil samples was investigated using performic acid as oxidant assisted by air as co-oxidant. The catalysts used were Mo-oxide supported on ZSM-5 zeolite, which was synthesized in the laboratory and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM and SSA analysis. In case of model oil, the optimum condition determined for complete oxidation of all the model compounds including thiophene, DBT and 4,6-DMDBT were; 60˚C, 60 min, ambient pressure and air flow rate of 100 mL/min. The oxidation reactivity decreased from 4,6-DMDBT to DBT and thiophene, which was found to follow pseudo first order kinetics. The real oil sample used in the study included untreated naphtha (NP), light gas oil (LGO), heavy gas oil (HGO) and Athabasca bitumen (Bit.). In case of NP and LGO the sulfur removal of above 78% was attained whereas in case of HGO and Bit. samples about 60% of desulfurization was achieved.
Quantum information processing exploits non-local functionality that has led to significant breakthroughs in the successful deployment of quantum mechanical protocols. In this regard, we address the dynamics of entanglement and coherence for three non-interacting qubits initially prepared as maximally entangled GHZ-like state coupled with independent classical environments. Two different Gaussian noises in pure and mixed noisy situations, namely, pure power-law noise, pure fractional Gaussian noise, power-law noise maximized and fractional Gaussian noise maximized cases are assumed to characterize the environments.With the help of time-dependent entanglement witnesses, purity, and decoherence measures, within the full range of parameters, we show that the current mixed noise cases are more detrimental than pure ones where entanglement and coherence are found short-lived. The power-law noise phase, in particular, appears to be more flexible and exploitable for longterm preservation effects. In contrast, we find that in both pure and mixed noise cases, where entanglement and coherence degrade at a relatively high rate, there is no ultimate solution for avoiding the detrimental dephasing effects of fractional Gaussian noise. The three-qubit state becomes disentangled and decoherent within independent classical environments driven by both pure and mixed Gaussian noises, either in long or short interaction time. In addition, due to the lack of the entanglement revivals phenomenon, there is no information exchange between the system and the environment. The three-qubit GHZ-like states have thus been realized to be an excellent resource for long enough quantum correlations, coherence, and quantum information preservation in classical independent channels driven by pure power-law noise with extremely low parameter values.
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