Background: Most of the studies have been concentrated on the nutritional and health status of the beneficiaries of ICDS. Less focus has been shifted over to assess the knowledge and awareness among AWW regarding recommended ICDS programmes, who are actually the main resource person. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken among 76 anganwadi workers from all 76 anganwadi’s under the three urban health centers. For Anganwadi workers' knowledge assessment, a scoring system was developed. The knowledge assessment score from each A WW was calculated based on the responses to a questionnaire containing 30 questions. Results: 88.16% of anganawadi workers had better knowledge on immunization and supplementary nutrition and only 45.39% of them had knowledge regarding referral services. No relationship was found between the educational\qualification of the worker and her knowledge about different services provided by her (p=0.660). Conclusions: Out of total 18 (23.7%) of AWWs had poor knowledge of health services provided, 20 (26.3%) had average knowledge and 38 (50%) had good knowledge. The knowledge had no relation with experience and their educational qualification. This difference was not found to be statistically significant.
Background:Diabetes mellitus is increasing its share of burden to the health-related problems in developing countries such as India. Urban slum residents constitute the “vulnerable population” who lack the basic health amenities. Lack of effective screening for primary prevention has been one of the reasons for the rising burden.Materials and Methods:The cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 adults aged between 30 and 60 years residing in a settled slum of Rukmini Nagar area of Belagavi city, Karnataka. Data were collected after taking written informed consent from each participant using a pretested questionnaire that included demographic information and details of the risk factors. Risk of developing diabetes was assessed by using Indian Diabetes Risk Score. Results are expressed as proportions, and analysis was done using Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis.Results:The mean age of participants was 44.3 ± 8.7 years. The proportion of low, moderate, and high risk of developing diabetes mellitus was 7%, 63%, and 30%, respectively. The prevalence of newly diagnosed cases was 10.25%. Moreover, 57.1% of them with positive family history were in the high risk category; 76.9% of the sedentary workers were at higher risk; overweight and obese individuals had higher proportion of the high and moderate risk (P < 0.0001). Correlation coefficient (R) was 0.782, and coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.61.Conclusions:Our study demonstrated that advancing age, low physical activity, family history, overweight, and obesity were the prominent factors that predicted the risk of diabetes in the near future. Hence, focused interventions for urban slum dwellers are imperative and draw special attention.
ObjectiveSchool children are exposed to various social, environmental, nutritional and cultural changes which will influence their lifestyle and can impose behavioral change. This study was formulated to assess the lifestyle factors influencing the academic performance among secondary school students in an urban area of south India.Materials and MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted among secondary school students of grade 8, 9 and 10 in public and private schools of an urban area. Data was collected using a pre-designed, pretested, questionnaire. Demographic data and socio-economic status was assessed. Lifestyle assessment included the dietary habits, physical activity, tobacco and other substance use and anthropometric measurements. Academic performance was assessed by attendance, past annual examination grades. Results were expressed in percentages and analysis was done using Chi-square test and Fischer exact test.ResultsStudy participants included were 613. Overall prevalence of tobacco use 14.0%. Skipping breakfast was associated with poor performance (p=0.002) among public school students. Private school students’ academic performance was significantly associated with the BMI (p=0.03). Prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity was 70.5, 5.0 and 5.5% respectively. Physical activity didn’t show any significant influence on academic performance (p=0.69, 0.76).ConclusionAcademic performance of secondary school students is influenced by various factors including, regularity of attendance, socio-economic status, skipping breakfast and consumption of tobacco and other substances. Study establishes the need for proper motivation and reinforcement of safe healthy lifestyle practices to achieve complete academic excellence.
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