Mobility management is a desired feature for the emerging Internet of Things (IoT). Mobility aware solutions increase the connectivity and enhance adaptability to changes of the location and infrastructure. IoT is enabling a new generation of dynamic ecosystems in environments such as smart cities and hospitals. Dynamic ecosystems require ubiquitous access to Internet, seamless handover, flexible roaming policies, and an interoperable mobility protocol with existing Internet infrastructure. These features are challenges for IoT devices, which are usually constrained devices with low memory, processing, communication and energy capabilities. This work presents an analysis of the requirements and desirable features for the mobility support in the IoT, and proposes an efficient solution for constrained environments based on Mobile IPv6 and IPSec. Compatibility with IPv6-existing protocols has been considered a major requirement in order to offer scalable and inter-domain solutions that were not limited to specific application domains in order to enable a new generation of application and services over Internet-enabled dynamic ecosystems, and security support based on IPSec has been also considered, since dynamic ecosystems present several challenges in terms of security and privacy. This work has, on the one hand, analysed suitability of Mobile IPv6 and IPSec for constrained devices, and on the other hand, analysed, designed, developed and evaluated a lightweight version of Mobile IPv6 and IPSec. The proposed solution of lightweight Mobile IPv6 with IPSec is aware of the requirements of the IoT and presents the best solution for dynamic ecosystems in terms of efficiency and security adapted to IoT-devices capabilities. This presents concerns in terms of higher overhead and memory requirements. But, it is proofed and concluded that even when higher memory is required and major overhead is presented, the integration of Mobile IPv6 and IPSec for constrained devices is feasible.
Near Field Communication (NFC) is one of the technologies, in conjunction with Bluetooth and 6LoWPAN, which makes feasible the wireless transmission of information from small objects and sensors to Internet-enabled devices. This presents a new technological generation, denominated Internet of Things (IoT), which is able to integrate in Internet the sensors and objects located surround us. Our research work is focused on the evaluation of the capabilities from the mentioned technologies for the integration of a continuous data transmission model. Specifically, this paper analyzes the capabilities for transmitting continuous data from NFC. This presents special considerations and constrains, since it was not originally designed for this purpose. Specifically, it has been considered, for this evaluation, a sensor with high requirements in data transmission, an electrocardiogram (ECG). Over this sensor is presented an evaluation of the performance with the native communication model from the sensor, i.e. sending via NFC all the collected data, concluding that it is necessary to perform data compression when the amount of data to send is too large, since this introduces a delay of 2 bytes for each 127 bytes. Therefore, this work also presents a solution of pre-processed and data compression to make feasible the communication with NFC technology.
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