Objective: To determine the rate of adherence to treatment with inhaled corticosteroids in patients with severe asthma, to identify predictive factors for adherence and to evaluate the relationship between adherence to treatment and parameters of clinical and functional response. Methods: Prospective cohort study of patients enrolled in the Program for the Control of Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The study comprised 160 patients with severe asthma, monitored for 180 days in order to evaluate adherence (dependent variable) to the prescribed inhaled corticosteroid. Independent variables were assessed at baseline and for a six-month follow-up period by means of interviews and the completion of a standardized questionnaire. Patients recorded the missed doses in a diary. Results: Of the 160 patients, 158 completed the study. Adherence rate was 83.8%. Of the 158 patients, 112 (70.9%) were considered adherent (cut-off point: 80% of prescribed doses administered). There was a significant association between asthma control and adherence to treatment. Predictors of poor adherence were adverse effects, living far from the referral center, limited resources to pay for transportation and dose schedule. Other factors, such as depressive symptoms, religion and economic status, were not associated with poor adherence. Conclusions: Adherence to asthma treatment was high and was associated with the clinical response to treatment, in a sample of patients with severe asthma enrolled in a public program that provides free medication and the assistance of a multiprofessional specialized team in a referral center.Keywords: Asthma; Directly observed therapy; Treatment outcome; Patient compliance; Pharmacy. ResumoObjetivo: Determinar a taxa de adesão ao tratamento padrão com corticóide inalatório em pacientes com asma grave, identificar seus fatores preditores e avaliar a relação entre adesão ao tratamento e os parâmetros de resposta clínica e funcional. Métodos: Coorte prospectiva de pacientes atendidos no Programa de Controle da Asma e da Rinite Alérgica na Bahia, Brasil. O estudo incluiu 160 pacientes com asma grave, acompanhados por um período de 180 dias para medida da adesão (variável dependente) ao corticóide inalatório prescrito. As variáveis independentes foram determinadas na avaliação inicial e durante seis meses através de entrevistas e aplicação de questionário estruturado. Os pacientes registraram em um diário as doses não utilizadas. Resultados: Do total de 160 pacientes, 158 completaram o estudo. A taxa de adesão ao tratamento foi de 83,8%. Dos 158 pacientes, 112 (70,9%) foram considerados aderentes ao tratamento (ponto de corte: 80% de todas as doses administradas). Houve associação significante entre o controle da asma e adesão ao tratamento. Os fatores relacionados a uma baixa adesão foram efeitos adversos, local de residência distante do centro de referência, dificuldade de pagar pelo transporte e regime posológico. Outros fatores, como sintomas depressivos, religião e classe eco...
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that may lead to limitations in regular activities, to hospitalizations and a decrease in quality of life. Adherence to drug treatment is crucial for control of the disease. The use of medicinal herbs can reduce adherence to prescriptions, as the medication may be replaced by infusions or herbal products. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of use of traditional herbal medicine among severe asthmatics in Salvador. Information on use of homemade remedies was obtained through application of a questionnaire during patient visits to a referral center. We also collected data on economic and social aspects as well as disease control. One hundred and forty-four (91,1%) out of one hundred and fifty-eight patients evaluated used herbal medicines, but only 26.5% attributed improvement of asthma symptoms to this alternative treatment and only 8 had substituted a prescribed medication by herbal medicines. There was a trend towards lower adherence to prescription drug treatment in this group of patients. Despite the high frequency of use of medicinal herbs in our sample, there was no improvement in the asthma treatment in this population compared to non-users. Adherence to conventional drug treatment was satisfactory and there was neither reduction in asthma control nor increase in hospitalizations among the users of medicinal plants.Uniterms: Asthma/adherence to drug treatment. Medicinal herbs/use.A asma é uma enfermidade inflamatória crônica das vias aéreas que pode resultar em limitações nas atividades diárias, internações e prejuízo da qualidade de vida. A adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso é fundamental para o controle da doença. O uso de plantas medicinais pode reduzir a adesão ao tratamento prescrito, à medida que os medicamentos são substituídos por chás ou ervas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a frequência de uso de plantas medicinais entre asmáticos graves em Salvador. As informações sobre uso de remédios caseiros foram obtidas por meio de questionário durante a visita dos pacientes a um centro de referência. Foram coletados dados econômicos, sociais e de controle da doença. Cento e quarenta e quatro (91,1%) dos cento e cinqüenta e oito pacientes avaliados utilizavam plantas medicinais, dos quais apenas 26,5% atribuíam melhora dos sintomas da asma a este tratamento alternativo e somente 8 pacientes já haviam feito a substituição de medicamento por alguma planta medicinal. Houve tendência a menor adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso neste grupo de pacientes. Apesar da alta frequência do uso de plantas medicinais na nossa amostra, não houve melhora no tratamento da asma desta população em relação aos não-usuários. A adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso foi satisfatória, não havendo piora no controle da asma ou aumento em hospitalizações entre os usuários de plantas medicinais.Unitermos: Asma/adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso. Plantas medicinais/uso.
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