Background: Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT), primarily a neck deformity resulting from shortening of the sternocleidomastoid muscle that leads the head to turn towards the affected side and the chin points to the opposite side. In developing countries, the parent often neglects and present late, when conservative management has a limited role. Various surgical procedures have been described for the correction of the deformity. The purpose of this study is to find out the result of SCM release followed by definite rehabilitation protocol. Materials and methods:Twelve cases confirming to inclusion criteria were operated on for congenital muscular torticollis. The affected side, either unipolar or bipolar sternocleidomastoid muscle release was done, depending on preoperative assessment. The sternal head was lengthening by Z-plasty method to maintain the shape of suprasternal notch. Postoperatively all the patients had followed a definite rehabilitation protocol.Results: Clinical and functional results were assessed using modified Lee's scoring system and Tanabe's assessment criteria for torticollis. Results were satisfactory in all the cases except two cases. Conclusion:The sternocleidomastoid release is an effective technique for the management of congenital muscular torticollis. The procedure is relatively complication free and safe method with predictable outcomes.
Introduction The incidence of hip abnormalities in cerebral palsy (CP) patients has been reported as low as 2.6% and as high as 28%. Hip displacement is the second most common deformity after equines. The objective of this study is to evaluate the radiological changes of hip in CP for detecting early features of hip instability. Materials and methods A total of 91 hips of 52 patients with CP who attended for rehabilitation management were randomly selected for the study. Hip surveillance was done in those cases where the clinical evaluation alone could not access stability. All the selected cases were evaluated radiologically with respect to acetabular angle, neck-shaft angles, degree of subluxation (migration percentage) and shape of femoral head. Results 38 hips showed grade I, 14 hips grade II, 6 hips grade III, and 2 hips grade IV stage of migration percentage. Flattening of femoral head was laterally seen in 16 cases, both medial and lateral flattening was seen in 8 cases of subluxated hip. Acetabular roof angle was increased in cases with grade III and IV migration percentage. Acetabular angle was within 12 to 75° with mean angle of 32°. The mean true neck-shaft angle was 145.5° ranging from 134° to 170° Conclusion Early detection of hip instability in Cerebral Palsy helps in timely intervention and that reduces or delays need for reconstructive surgery. How to cite this article Sahoo PK, Sahu MM, Chitapure T, Das SP. Radiological Evaluation of Hip in Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Cross-sectional Study. Indian J Phy Med Rehab 2017;28(3):95-99.
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