The investigation was carried out to determine the possible phytochemical constituents from aqueous, methanol and chloroform extracts of Turnera subulata leaf extracts. Among the phytochemical screening of these extracts, Methanolic extract showed that the leaf was rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, saponins and quinones. The chemical composition of the plant leaf extract of T. subulata was investigated using Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectroscopy (Agilent-7890A GC instrument coupled with MS-5975) and NIST-MS library. GC-MS analysis of T. subulata plant leaf extract, revealed the existence of the GC-MS chromatogram of the major peaks presented in methanolic extract like Methyl 8,11,14-heptadecatrienoate (23.244%), Pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-,methyl ester (8.654%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (8.654%), 4H-Pyran4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl (6.598%), 1b,4a-Epoxy-2H-cyclopenta[3,4] cyclopropa[8,9]cycloundec[1,2-b] oxiren-5(1aH)-one(5.400%), 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1- ol(5.400%), etc. From this study it is obvious that T. subulata leaf extract contains many biologically active compounds and also it gives a detailed insight about the phytochemical profile which could be exploited for the development of plant based drug.
Acraea terpiscore L. is commonly known as the Tawny Coster butterfly, it belongs to the Nymphalidae or Brush-footed butterfly family. Its common larval hosts depend on the availability of Turnera subulata. The study has been carried from January to July 2015 in Thammampatti, Salem district in Tamilnadu. A. terpiscore larvae were found in Turnera subulata and Passiflora foetida. From this observation it is evident that host preference is prevalently exhibited in larval feeding of Tawny Coster. On the availability of T. subulata the choice of P. foetida is found meagre. The caterpillars were counted once a week in both the populations during an observation period of six months. T. subulata and P. foetida plants respectively envisaging its host preference of T. subulata over P. foetida. It is reported here for the first time as a new larval host of Tawny Coster.
The Western Ghats is a chain of mountains and is one of the 33 recognized ecologically sensitive zones in the world. There are several centres of plant endemism and species richness within the Western Ghats. Cullenia exarillata Robyns is a large evergreen tree in the mid-elevation evergreen forests which is endemic to Western Ghats. This tree acts as a hot bed of activity when in flower and functions as a keystone resource for several species of arboreal mammals, including the endangered primate Lion tailed macaque and Nilgiri langur. A preliminary attempt is carried out to regenerate and restore the populations of C.exarillata. Seed germination studies were performed and seeds were treated using 3 different pre-sowing treatments. Seeds were soaked in Dithane-45 for 5minutes, in cow dung extract for two nights and in gibberillic acid (100 ppm) for 24 hours. Untreated seeds were also used as control. Dithane-45 treatment showed 80% seed germination and the cow dung extract treatment showed 20% seed germination. Dithane-45 treatment promotes speedy seed germination when compared to other treatments. Therefore, pre-sowing treatment with Dithane-45 for 5 minutes was more effective for this plant.
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