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In this modern era, (M/MO-NPs) Metal/metal oxide nanoparticles are utilized in various areas. The growth of nanoparticles is tremendous in our daily activities like beauty products, doses, delivery of drugs, and outfit. They can be set up by numerous strategies, for example, green amalgamation and the ordinary compound blend techniques. Green synthesis incorporates endless increase to deliver M/MO-NPs with requesting properties. In Bioengineering, the "green" combination has increased massive consideration as a trustworthy, dependable, and natural benevolent convention for orchestrating a wide scope of Nanomaterials including M/MO-NPs and bio propelled materials. Be that as it may, the utilization of plant extracts for this intention is profitable over organisms because of usability and less biohazard. Union of metal and MO-NPs by using the extract of plant fluid arrangement have increased consideration toward the green methodology and with no antagonistic impact on nature. The current article intends to survey the advancement made lately on nanoparticle biosynthesis by organisms. These microbial assets incorporate microorganisms, organisms, yeast, green growth, and viruses. This study predominantly centers on the biosynthesis of the most usually examined M/MO-NPs, for example, copper, cadmium, noble metals, platinum, titanium oxide, palladium, zinc oxide, and cadmium sulfide.

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The kinetics of electron transfer reaction (ETR) between the surfactant cobalt(III) complex ion, Cis-[Co(ip) 2 (C 12 H 25 NH 2 ) 2 ](ClO 4 ) 3 , Cis-[Co(dpq) 2 (C 12 H 25 NH 2 ) 2 ](ClO 4 ) 3 and Cis-[Co(dpqc) 2 (C 12 H 25 NH 2 ) 2 ](ClO 4 ) 3 (ip = imidazo [4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, dpq = dipyrido[3,2-d:2'-3'-f]quinoxaline, dpqc = dipyrido [3,2-a:2',4'-c](6,7,8,9-tetrahydro)phenazine, 5 C 12 H 25 NH 2 =dodecylamine) and Fe 2+ ion in micelles as well as β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) were studied at different temperatures by spectrophotometric method under pseudo first order conditions using an excess of the reductant. The results of surfactant complex containing aromatic ligands ETR higher than that of aliphatic ligands due to the results have been explained based on the hydrophobic effect. Experimentally the reactions were found to be second order and the electron transfer postulated as outer sphere. The rate constant increases with increase in the concentration of micelles but inclusion of the long aliphatic chain of the 10 surfactant cobalt(III) complexes into β-cyclodextrin decreases the rate of the reaction. Thermodynamic parameters were evaluated. 30 great deal of interest [9,10] because of their potential to prolong the lifetime of charge-transfer states, a goal of electron-transfer studies aiming to utilize solar energy [11]. Majumdar and Mahapatra [12] studied the electron transfer reactions between cobalt(III) and iron(II) complexes in cationic micellar medium (N-cetyl-N,N,N trimethyl ammonium bromide) and also in reverse micellar medium. The rate of the reaction was found to mainly depend on the inter-phase environment of the micelles and reverse micelles. Micelle-forming properties and electron transfer reactions of many surfactant metal complexes have been studied in our 35 laboratory [13-16]. Recently, we have reported on the outer-sphere electron transfer reactions between cis-[Co(en) 2 (C 12 H 25 NH 2 ) 2 ](ClO 4 ) 3, cis-[Co(trien)(C 12 H 25 NH 2 ) 2 ](ClO 4 ) 3 and iron(II) in the micelles formed by these complexes [Co(dpqc) 2 (C 12 H 25 NH 2 ) 2 ](ClO 4 ) 3 used as oxidants were prepared as reported by us earlier [34]. A stock solution of Fe(ClO 4 ) 2 was prepared by dissolving pure iron powder in slight excess of perchloric acid. The concentration of Fe 2+ ion was determined by a method similar to that reported in the literature [35] the ionic strength of the solution was adjusted by the addition of sodium 30 perchlorate solution. Kinetic measurementsThe rate of the reaction was measured spectrophotometrically using a Shimadzu -1800 UV-Visible spectrophotometer equipped with water Peltier system (PCB 150). The temperature was controlled within ± 0.01 0 C. A solution containing the desired concentration of β-cyclodextrin and surfactant cobalt(III) complexes in oxygen-free water was placed in a 1-cm cell, which was 35 then covered with a serum cap fitted with a syringe needle. This cell was placed in a thermostated compartment in the spectrophotometer and then the solution containing Fe 2+ was added a...