Effective management of real estate complexes, which determines the rational capital intensity of ownership of buildings and structures, largely depends on the consumer qualities of building materials and products included in the investment and construction project at the design stage. The implementation of the principles of rational design, which are regulated in unique and technically complex and responsible structures, is still not properly reflected in the design of second-class objects of responsibility, which, however, make up more than 70% of the capital intensity of the construction market, mainly housing. Complex composite materials that combine innovative and energy-efficient components and technologies, as well as structures made from them that contain significant reserves of load-bearing capacity, which are opened and implemented by improving design standards and rational technical solutions, have the greatest potential for rationalization. Reinforced cellular concrete, which effectively combines load-bearing and enclosing functions, is one of the most popular construction technologies in the perspective practice of low-rise construction. Currently, however, the design of reinforced structures made of cellular concrete in Russia, abroad, mainly performed according to the normative documents, often not taking into account the significant differences in physical and mechanical properties, material structure, principles and working mechanisms of various types of concrete under load, as well as the uniqueness of plastic properties of cellular concrete when assigning the form and composition of discrete reinforcement. In this regard, there is a need to revise and systematize existing standards that contain requirements for the design of directly reinforced structures made of cellular concrete, generalize European experience and these standards, update information in them, as well as develop modern national standards in this area. In addition, the practice of designing bent cellular concrete structures has revealed a significant reserve for increasing the load-bearing capacity of these elements, associated with insufficient inclusion of the material of the traditionally used rod reinforcement due to the primary destruction of the contact layer (pulling the reinforcement). In order to increase the durability and reduce the resource intensity of national cellular concrete structures, the adopted methodology for their design needs to improve both the regulations that establish the principles and rules for calculating reinforcement elements of structures, and structural elements used in precast and in-situ practice of discrete reinforcement.
The main problem of reinforced flexible structures made of cellular concrete is a rather low specific adhesion at the border of the reinforcement with concrete. This negatively affects the pulling out of the reinforcement from the porous mass and leads to premature loss of the bearing capacity of the structure as a whole. The underestimation of the significant potential of the unused bearing capacity of the structure when using traditional reinforcement provides for the need to improve approaches to the reinforcement of flexible cellular concrete structures. Efficient reinforcement of cellular concrete structures is proposed to be carried out with reinforcing elements with a developed lateral surface - steel toothed belts, which significantly increase the contact area and qualitatively improve contact conditions. At the stage of computational justification, the results of an experimental study of the strength and deformability of samples of innovative reinforcing elements of steel toothed belts with various configurations of longitudinal perforation, which help to reduce the metal consumption of cellular concrete structures operating in bending, and directly improve their functional characteristics - thermal resistance and wave conductivity, are analyzed. The revealed variations in the physical and mechanical properties of reinforcement due to the changing pattern of its longitudinal perforation and the average characteristics of reinforcement used in the design analysis of reinforced cellular concrete structures are used to propose practical approaches to normalizing the values of characteristics and technologies for calculating reinforced cellular concrete structures
Aerated concrete is actively used in energy efficient construction, mainly as a masonry material for vertical load-bearing structures. At the same time, the creation of a closed thermal contour of the building, which is the basis of modern energy saving requirements, is rational by the use of aerated concrete in load-bearing horizontal structures that require reinforcement. Traditionally bar reinforcement is ineffective in aerated concrete due to low specific adhesion at the contact of the reinforcement with concrete and significantly less than that of heavy concrete, the distribution capacity of concrete around a rod, which evenly transforms concrete stress to bar extension, the consequence of which is the significant bar understress while pulling it in concrete. The authors’ research in the field of rationalization of reinforcing elements that are effective in cellular concrete, aimed at increasing the contact surface of the reinforcing element with concrete while maintaining the original steel consumption, makes it possible to recommend tape reinforcement for use in reinforced aerated concrete structures. Punched steel tapes equal to the bar reinforcement of the cross-sectional area, but having developed lateral surface, provide an increase in the adhesion strength of the reinforcement and preventing its pulling. The article presents the results of a numerical study of stress-strain state in reinforced aerated concrete beam with rectangular section, reinforced with the proposed tape reinforcement in comparison with traditional bar reinforcement
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