The role of bacterial pathogens in CF pulmonary disease contributes greatly to the morbidity and mortality in patients with CF. CF patients have recurrent and chronic respiratory tract infections and most of their morbidity and mortality is due to such infections throughout their life [1,2]. These infections are usually dominated by non-fermenting Gram-negative organisms (Burkholderia cenocepacia and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia), including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa is the single most important pathogen in this patient population. Recent advances in treatment, which include intensive physiotherapy and aggressive antibiotic treatment, have greatly improved the outlook for patients. However, with the improvement in survival rates in CF patients, a new range of pulmonary issues have arisen. These include the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains of P. aeruginosa [3] and the appearance of organisms with increased virulence such as the Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC).There are approximately 283 adult CF patients in Northern Ireland (NI) with CF, where they receive regional CF centrebased multidisciplinary care at the Regional Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Belfast City Hospital.At present, the UK CF Registry, which is compiled by the CF Trust [4], includes data on the presence of respiratory pathogens, but does not include any information on antibiotic susceptibility of colonising/infection respiratory pathogens, including P. aeruginosa. A study was therefore undertaken locally to evaluate current levels of antimicrobial susceptibility in adult CF patients who were infected with P. aeruginosa and to compare levels of antibiotic susceptibility, with a comparator non-CF population of invasive P. aeruginosa, isolated from blood culture material.One hundred and twenty seven adult patients (approximately. 61.7% of total adult CF patients in NI) with a confirmed clinical diagnosis of CF were included in the study. There were 72 males and 55 females, with an age range of 19-82 years and 18-61 years, respectively. Of the 127 patients with a documented history of P. aeruginosa infection, P. aeruginosa isolates were selected as part of the routine microbiological workup, which included the selection of isolates which were morphologically different, including those which were mucoid. From these, 99 were nonmucoid, 26 were mucoid and 2 were mixed (mucoid + nonmucoid). Antibiotic susceptibility profiles of the most recent P. aeruginosa isolate were examined and antibiotic susceptibility noted against the following four antibiotic classes [11 agents]: aminoglycosides [

Introduction: The incidence of breast cancer is increasing in developing countries over decades. Breast cancer is a public health problem in India. Identifying the risk factors helps to reduce the incidence and improve quality of life of people in future. Method: A hospital based case control study was conducted among all the breast cancer cases newly diagnosed in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Puducherry. 40 cases of breast cancer were paired with age matched controls from the same hospital (ratio 1:2) with a total of 120 study participants. Data were collected by interviewing the participants using a pre tested structured questionnaire. Analysis was done using SPSS version 24.0 Results: Age group of participants ranged from 35-69 years. Age group of 46-55 years

Background: the most common surgical problem is hernia. It is common in both the sexes and the commonest site being the inguinal region. The prevalence of hernia is about 30%. The tubercle plays an important role in inguinal hernia. The measurements wary from person to person depending on it the risk of developing inguinal hernia is also present. Prevention is a major step which specially in early adulthood. Aim: To assess the liaison (relation) of pubospinal distance between cases and controls. Methods: A case control study was carried out to evaluate the risk of low lie tubercle. All the subjects were evaluated who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The sample size studied was 150 cases and 150 controls. Measurements of SS line, ST line and MP line were taken and evaluated for risk of inguinal hernia. Results: the age group studied ranged from 17 to 65 years. 120 were male subjects and 30 female subjects. Major of the subjects had indirect hernia. The commonest complaint among the subjects was swelling. The measurements were taken in detail and analyzed for cases and controls. The role of SS, ST and MP lines were significant and proportional to developing inguinal hernia. Conclusion: the end result of this study showed age group between 51-60 years inguinal hernia is common. More number of subjects had indirect inguinal hernia. With regard to measurements SS and ST line was higher in cases when compared to controls.