Exhaust systems for Internal Combustion (I.C) engines have been finding their significance in the performance of an engine from its inception. One of the detrimental factors for the performance of exhaust is the amount of backpressure building through the flow. This study focuses on reducing backpressure occurring in the exhaust and increasing the ease of manufacturability for a 50 cm3 single cylinder Spark Ignition (S.I.) engine used in an ultra-fuel efficient vehicle. The flow of the exhaust gases from the engine are analyzed with the help of ram induction theory. Computational Fluid Dynamics has been employed to facilitate the study of turbulent flow in the exhaust and obtain results close to a streamlined flow. Parameters such as dimensions, operating pressures and velocities are calculated to understand the flow characteristics. The results strengthen the bilateral scopes of study here being, smooth flow of exhaust gases and greater manufacturability. The bend and end cone angles are defined in such a way that the wastage of material is least and complexity of the geometry is moderate. The exhaust has been designed keeping the chassis and engine complacency constraints in concern. The results of this study can be useful in manufacturing and integration with light gasoline engines, but of the same orientation as the one discussed here, for prototyping purposes.
With growing importance of microchannel in notable fields like medical, aerospace, food industry, it is necessary to improve the accuracy of pre-determining the mean droplet size to its maximum. We have analysed the various parameters that can influence the bubble size formed. Our main objective is to derive a relationship between diameter of microchannel, length of the junction, emulsion flow rate, and mean droplet diameter so that we would be able to determine the emulsion properties beforehand. It was found that bubble size increases as flowrate of continuous phase decreases.
To select an alternative fuel suitable for operating an IC diesel engine for real world usage without any major modifications. The need to reduce the use of fossil fuels ignites interest in renewable fuels such as biodiesels. Preventing direct substitution of bio fuels is the higher viscosity of bio fuels. The performance and emission characteristics of CI engine are studied when fuelled with neem oil with diesel blends of ratios B10, B20 and B30 and also with M10% & M20% where methanol is used as the blending agent. The tests were carried out in the 4 stroke, single cylinder diesel engine by varying the load from 25% to 100%.
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