The aim of the experiment was to improve seed quality of harvested soybean seed by pre-sowing seed treatment with biologically active compounds Lignohumate B (mixture of humic and fulvic acids), Lexin (mixture of humic and fulvic acids enriched by auxins), brassinosteroid (synthetic analogue of natural 24 epibrassinolide) and socalled complete seed treatment (mixture of saturated solution of sucrose, Lexin, Maxim XL 035 FS fungicide of Syngenta and adjuvant on the base of pinolene). Four-year experiments proved positive influence of all treatments to seed parameters (laboratory germination, seed vigour (AA test), field emergence and thousand seed weight).
In three-years experiments soya seeds were treated with biologically active compounds: Lignohumate B (mixture of humic and fulvic acids), Lexin (mixture of humic and fulvic acids enriched by auxins), brassinosteroid (syntetic analogue of natural 24 epibrassinolide) and so-called complete seed treatment (mixture of saturated solution of sucrose, Lexin, fungicide Maxim XL 035FS and adjuvant on the base of pinolene Agrovital). During vegetation following characteristics were observed: field germination, density of vegetation after germination and before harvest, height of plants, height of apical part of the lowest pod from the ground and yield. The results imply that the most effective way of seed treatment is the complete seed treatment, which ensured the yield of 3.29 t of seeds per hectare (average for three years), the second best was the treatment with the compound Lexin, thanks to which the achieved yield was 3.18 t of seeds per hectare.
ABSTRACT:The effect of different concentrations of brassinosteroids (1:10, 1:100, 1:210) on the germination of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) and ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) seeds was investigated in stress conditions. The product Lexin (a mixture of humic acid, fulvic acid and auxin), which also supports seed germination, was selected as a reference treatment. The results show that the most effective is the lowest concentration of brassinosteroids which gave nearly the same effect as the reference product Lexin. The data also suggest the positive effect of pretreatment of sycamore and ash seed in pure water both on germination and germination energy.
Glucosinolates with Brassica genus as secondary metabolites have a lot of functions and effects. Glucosinolates form less than 2% of the overall sulphur content at the beginning of vegetation in different parts of the plants and during growth their content is decreasing and forms less than 0.1%. This low representation doubts their storage function. With its chemical composition, they are ranked among natural pesticides with active and passive resistance against diseases and pests. They show repellent effects and properties of natural biofumigators in soil after ploughing in their biomass as green fertilizing, or after ploughing in after harvest the leftovers of rape. The principle of these effects is decomposition products of glucosinolates -bioactive isothiocyanates. Very important from this point of view are turnip rape Rex and Brassica juncea, whose content of these compounds is the highest one and they are resistant against the attack of Ceutorrhynchus pleurostigma. The same effect showed also when attacked by Phoma lingam. With other winter Brassicas either hybrid or linea and summer rape is this defensive system suppressed because of their lowered content due to breeding interferences, leading to limitation of their anti-nutritional negative effects. It is possible to state the final result after finding out the production of the above matter, roots, and after evaluation of the sorbal characteristics of the soil and evaluation of the state of health of the following crop or vegetable. After this overall analysis, it will be possible to evaluate the biofumigation properties of accessible varieties of the Brassica genus.
The soya seed was treated before sowing with the following biological active substances: Lignohumate B, Lexin, Lexenzym, brassinosteroid, and "Complex treatment" (a mixture of saturated sugar solution, Lexin, fungicide treatment Maxim XL 035 FS and remedial pinolen substance Agrovital). During growing, the influence of biological active substances on root biomass formation and the activity of bacteria for nitrogen fixation was observed. Evaluated parameters were shoot biomass formation and dry mass formation of plants. Harvest values were considered an important output of the whole year soya growth process. As can be observed from the results, the most effective seed treatments were Lexenzym, Lexin, and "Complex treatment", where the yields were high. Moreover, the "Complex treatment" in comparison with the control variant (not treated) improved statistically conclusively not only the final yield but was helpful also for bacteria nodulation and nitrogen fixation (N<sub>2</sub>). All biologically active compounds supported the root and shoot biomass formation and the whole plant growth.
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