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Miglitol monotherapy is effective and safe in NIDDM patients. Compared with glibenclamide, it reduced HbA1c less effectively and caused more gastrointestinal side effects. On the other hand, glibenclamide, unlike miglitol, tended to cause hypoglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and weight gain, which are not desirable in patients with NIDDM.

Plasma lipoprotein, cholesterol and triglycerides were determined in 34 hypertensive pregnant patients and in 17 healthy full term pregnant women. Pregnancy induced hypertension was diagnosed in 21 patients and chronic hypertension in the remaining 13 women. Serum triglyceride levels were significantly elevated in the hypertensive patients. This elevation was not influenced by either the severity or the etiology of the hypertension. The total cholesterol/HDL and the LDL/HDL ratios were significantly elevated in the severely hypertensive patients, and furthermore the LDL/HDL ratio was elevated in patients receiving anti-hypertensive treatment. The lipid profiles found in hypertensive pregnant patients could be associated with enhancement of pathological lipid deposition in predisposed vessels such as the uterine spiral arteries. Furthermore, the hypertriglyceridemia found in the hypertensive patients may be associated with the hypercoagulability reported in pregnancy induced hypertension.

Plasma very low density llpoproteln (VLDL) cholesterol and trlglycerlde, low density llpoproteln (LDL) cholesterol and trlglycerldea, high density llpoproteln (HDL) cholesterol, glucose and Insulin response (sums of 1-and 2-hour postload oral glucose levels), body mass Index (BMI), and blood pressure were determined In a representative sample (n = 542) of the adult Israeli Jewish population. Persons with diabetes or on antlhypertenslve medications were excluded. Total VLDL and LDL fractions were estimated from their cholesterol and trlglyceride subtraction levels that were standardized relative to the mean of the reference group (participants free of glucose Intolerance, obesity, and hypertension -the GOH conditions). Hyperinsulinemia and disturbed levels of VLDL and LDL were defined as levels equal to or greater than the 75th percentile and those of HDL, equal to or less than the 25th percent Me of their respective reference group distributions. When VLDL was disturbed jointly with LDL and HDL, the mean Insulin response adjusted for age, gender, glucose response, BMI, blood pressure, and smoking was high compared to the reference group (166.0 vs. 122.5, p < 0.001). With Isolated disturbed VLDL, or disturbed LDL and HDL but normal VLDL, the mean Insulin response resembled the reference group. The adjusted risk ratio for this jointly disturbed llpoproteln profile among hyperinsullnemlc Individuals was 3.4 (95% confidence limits 2.6 to 4.4, p < 0.001) with no further association with the GOH conditions. We conclude that hyperlnsullnemia is characterized by an atherogenlc llpoproteln profile. (Arteriosclerosis 8:227-236, May/June 1988)

The relationship between corneal arcus (arcus senilis) and mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is examined in a prospective study of White men (n = 3,930) and women non-hormone users (n = 2,139), ages 30-69, followed for an average of 8.4 years as part of the Lipid Research Clinics Mortality Follow-up Study. After excluding those with clinically manifest CHD at baseline, corneal arcus was strongly associated with CHD and CVD mortality only in hyperlipidemic men ages 3049 years, for whom the relative risk for CHD and CVD death

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Miglitol can safely and effectively be added to diet and metformin in patients whose type 2 diabetes is insufficiently controlled, and improves glycaemic control by significantly reducing HbA1c and postprandial blood glucose levels.