Vulvovaginitis and vaginal discharge in pediatric patients, while not uncommon, is commonly believed to be due to such causes as absence of the protective effect on the vaginal mucosa. However, other causes need also to be kept in mind. We report a case of chronic vaginal discharge in a 5 yr old, who had retained a foreign body in her vagina for 6-7 months. [Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2013; 2(2.000): 224-225
Introduction: Estimation of urinary excretion of protein is done by the standard method of collection of urine over 24-hours and the test sample is taken from this collection. Because of its technical difficulty there is the necessity to use quick, convenient and reliable method which is well correlates with 24-h urine protein. Aim: This study is carried out to compare the dipstick method and spot urine protein creatinine ratio (UPCR) with that of 24-h urine protein (24HUP) and also to determine the role of proteinuria in predicting the pregnancy outcome in preeclamptic patients. Materials and Methods: We conducted this prospective analytical study in 209 antenatal women in whom 52 were with gestational hypertension and 157 were with preeclampsia. Pearson's correlation coefficient revealed the strength of correlation while the p value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Receiver-operator curve (ROC) was plotted to find the cutoff value of UPCR and dipstick in detecting significant proteinuria (≥300mg/day). Results: The value of UPCR strongly correlated with 24-h urine protein (r=0.941, p<0.001). The cutoff value of 0.25 by UPCR method was considered as significant proteinuria. A strong positive correlation was found between 24HUP test and dipstick test (r=0.759, p<0.001) results with a cutoff value of 1.5 to detect significant proteinuria. Conclusions: Spot UPCR can be used as a rapid and reliable alternative method to 24-h urine protein in preeclamptic patients.
BACKGROUND Nearly three fourth of all neonatal deaths and half of infant deaths occur among LBW infants. A progressive increase in both perinatal mortality and morbidity is observed as birth weight percentile falls. Early detection of intrauterine growth restriction is therefore important to institute specific treatment wherever possible or appropriately time the delivery. In a developing country like India, a simple sensitive clinical method is of utmost importance and cost effective. Hence this study is conducted to find the efficacy of clinical methods in detection of IUGR and estimation of foetal weight in relation to ultrasound. METHODS A longitudinal study of 200 low risk pregnant women who are attending the antenatal clinic with dating USG after 24 weeks of pregnancy were included in the study and serial symphysis fundal height measurements at each antenatal visit are taken. Suspected cases of growth restriction were subjected to USG for assessment and managed as per institutional protocol. Birth weight was compared with clinical and sonologically estimated weight. The entire data is statistically analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Ver. 21.0, IBM Corporation, USA) for MS Windows. RESULTS The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of clinical method (abdominal palpation), clinical method (SFH), and USG method (abdominal circumference) USG method (Estimated Foetal Weight) in detecting IUGR was 80-95% and their agreement with birth weight was statistically significant. The distribution of mean estimated weight by Johnson's formula is significantly higher compared to actual mean birth weight (p-value<0.001). The distribution of mean estimated weight by USG is significantly higher compared to actual mean birthweight (p-value<0.001). Since the mean difference in the weight is relatively lesser with narrow 95% confidence interval by USG than Johnson's formula, USG method has relatively better method than Johnson's formula for estimation of weight. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy of serial symphysio-fundal height measurement was found to be comparable with ultrasound in detection of IUGR. Of the two methods studied for estimation of foetal weight, ultrasonographic method, i.e., Hadlock's formula has better predictable results in foetal weight estimation, compared to clinical method, i.e., Johnson's formula.
BACKGROUNDDomestic violence is largely an unaddressed public health problem globally, which can have a detrimental impact on the health of the mother and baby. It is a reflection of neglected and deprioritized health care of women during pregnancy. We wanted to determine the prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy and the possible risk factors associated with it among the pregnant attending an antenatal clinic in a tertiary care hospital. METHODSA facility based longitudinal study was conducted among 233 pregnant women attending the Out Patient Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. A pre-validated standard questionnaire (abuse assessment screen) was used to screen the pregnant women for domestic violence and a semi-structured proforma to collect the socio-demographic characteristics was also used. Confidentiality was maintained for the data collected. Data was analysed using SPSS Version 20. RESULTSMean age of the pregnant women was 25.02+4.01 years. The prevalence of domestic violence during the first trimester of pregnancy assessed using Abuse Assessment Screen (AAS) questionnaire was found to be 35.62%. In the univariate analysis, the significant factors associated with domestic violence during pregnancy were-different social class, poor social support, gender preference and husband's alcohol addiction. However, logistic regression analysis revealed that husband's alcohol addiction (aOR 2.59, 95% CI 1.36-4.95), poor social support during pregnancy (aOR 3.42, 95% CI 1.64-7.13) and gender preference (aOR 3.90, 95% CI 2.12-7.16) were the statistically significant factors.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.