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Microspheres are normally free flowing powders consisting of proteins or synthetic polymers which are biodegradable in nature and preferably having a particle size less than 200-500 µm. The range of techniques for the preparation of microspheres offers a Variety of opportunities to control aspects of drug administration and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of a given drug. There are different approaches in delivering a therapeutic substance to the target site in a sustained controlled release manner. One such approach is using microspheres as carriers for drugs also known as micro particles. It is the reliable means to deliver the drug to the target site with specificity, if customized, and to maintain the desired concentration at the site of significance. Microspheres established much attention not only for extended release, but also for targeting of anticancer drugs. In future by combining various other strategies, microspheres will find the central place in new drug delivery, particularly in diseased cell sorting, diagnostics, gene & genetic materials, safe, targeted and effective in vivo delivery and supplements as miniature versions of diseased organ and tissues in the body.

Niosomes are vesicles composed of non-ionic surfactants, which are biodegradable, comparatively nontoxic, more stable and cheap, an alternative to liposomes. They existing a structure similar to liposome and hence they can represent alternative vesicular systems with respect to liposomes. The niosome ability to encapsulate different type of drugs within their multi environmental structure. These review article emphases on the structure of niosome, advantages of niosomes, methods of preparation, characterization of niosomes, application of niosomes.

The oral route is most popular route for the administration of therapeutic agents because of the low cost of therapy and ease of administration lead to high levels of patient compliance. The conventional oral solid dosage forms are tablets and capsules. Lots of patient find it difficult to swallow tablets and capsules particularly pediatric and geriatric patients and do not receive their medicine as prescribed. Hence many researchers are focusing on design and development of innovative drug delivery system for existing drugs. One such delivery system is fast dissolving oral film with lots of benefit of fast dissolving tablets by avoiding the friability and risk of choking. Choking problem is more in case of pediatrics patients. Formulation of fast dissolving film can be achieved by many techniques, but common methods used are the spraying and casting. This techniques use the hydrophilic film former in combination with suitable recipients, which disintegrate or dissolve the film within few seconds without need of water.