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Introduction The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the skeletal, dentoalveolar and soft-tissue effects of 2 fixed functional appliance; Forsus Fatigue Resistance Device (FFRD) and PowerScope appliance in treating patients with skeletal class II division 1 malocclusion. Materials and Methods This comparative prospective two-group study included 20 patients with a mean age of 11.2 ± 1.6 years with skeletal class II malocclusion with retrognathic mandible. One group was treated with FFRD, and second group was treated with PowerScope appliance. Lateral cephalograms were evaluated at T1 (pre-functional appliance treatment)) and at T2 (postappliance treatment). Cephalometric values were calculated and assessed to evaluate skeletal, dentoalveolar and soft-tissue changes. Results Sagittal correction of class II malocclusion appeared to be mainly achieved by dentoalveolar changes in the PowerScope group. The FFRD was able to induce both skeletal and dentoalveolar changes. A favorable influence on facial convexity was achieved by both groups. A significant increase in upper pharynx and lower pharynx dimension was seen in the PowerScope group. A statistically significant decrease in upper lip protrusion, increase in lower lip protrusion, increased nasolabial angle, and decrease in inferior labial sulcus were noted in both the groups. Lower incisors proclined more in the PowerScope group. Conclusion Both appliances were effective in correcting class II malocclusion. Forsus had more skeletal effects on the mandible, whereas PowerScope had less skeletal effects on the mandible and more dentoalveolar effects, contributing to class II correction. Both groups showed a significant improvement in soft-tissue profile. PowerScope group showed a significant increase in airway dimensions

ObjectivesTo determine the optimal sites of mini‐implant placement in the palatal alveolar cortical bone by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).Subjects and MethodsCone beam computed tomography records of 60 patients were divided into two groups of equal sizes, based on age and sex. The images were analysed using Planmeca Romexis Software (Version 4.1.2). The measurements were made in axial sections of the maxilla and mandible, at 2, 4 and 6 mm from the CEJ. The optimal sites were defined in terms of (a) Palatal or lingual alveolar cortical bone thickness and (b) Mesiodistal palatal or lingual inter‐radicular width.ResultsThe optimal site for mini‐implant insertion, anteriorly, was the canine‐lateral incisor embrasure in both the jaws. Posteriorly, the inter‐molar embrasure in the mandible and the molar‐premolar embrasure in the maxilla were optimal sites. Females demonstrated significantly lesser bone widths in all areas of the maxilla (P < .05) but greater bone thickness in the mandibular regions, as compared to males. The adolescent age group demonstrated a significantly lesser bone thickness but greater mesiodistal widths than the adult population in both the jaws (P < .05).ConclusionThe optimal sites for mini‐implant insertion were the anterior canine‐lateral incisor and posterior buccal inter‐radicular embrasures, in both the jaws. Significant differences existed between age and gender groups, which need to be kept in mind while choosing the locations for placing mini‐implants.

Introduction: The number of adult patients seeking orthodontics treatment has increased drastically. There is increased need for faster tooth movement and good esthetics. Piezocision is one of the methods used for accelerating the rate of tooth movement. Aims and Objectives: To assess the amount of root resorption after retraction of canine through piezocision site and compare it with that of recently extracted site using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and assessment of dentin sialoprotein (DSP) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Materials and Methods: A split mouth design was used in 15 patients who were undergoing first orthodontic treatment with premolar extractions. Randomly one of the sides was chosen as control (Group I) and the other side underwent piezocision procedure (Group II). 0.022 × 0.028” MBT system was used with 0.017 × 0.025 SS wire for canine retraction using 150 grams of force. GCF samples were collected from mesio-buccal and disto-buccal of the canine with micropipette at baseline (TO) and day 90(T1) to detect the levels of DSP and the root resorption was measured using CBCT. Results: Statistically significant amount of root resorption was observed after retraction in both the groups. DSP levels were increased in both the groups, though little higher in Group II when compared to group I. Conclusion: DSP level was increased on the piezocision side but it was statistically insignificant which suggests the amount of root resorption on both the sides is similar.

Background: The Greater Palatine Foramen is of great clinical significance, but the published descriptions about the position of this foramen in the adult human skulls have not been consistently reported. An understanding of the position of Greater Palatine Foramen in relation to adjacent anatomical land mark is important, as this foramen forms a precise site for injection of local anaesthetics to obtain optimal pain control in Dental surgeries. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in 137 dry adult unsexed south Indian skulls obtained from the Department of Anatomy, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Tamilnadu. All the skulls studied were normal with fully erupted third molar and free from any pathological changes. We have measured the different parameters in each bone, following the Standard Methodology. Results: In our study we found that the perpendicular distance of the Greater Palatine Foramen to the mid maxillary suture in south Indian skull was about 13.7± 1.13(SD) mm and the distance of Greater Palatine Foramen to the incisive fossa was approximately 36.6± 1.95 (SD) mm. The distance of greater palatine foramen to the posterior border of hard palate was approximately 3.7 ± 0.92(SD) mm. Conclusion: To conclude that our study provides appropriate data about the relative anatomical position of GPF that is essential to achieve successful maxillary nerve block via GPF would be relatively easy and free from any complications.