The simultaneous pharmacokinetics of alclofenac in the plasma and synovial fluid of 10 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were studied after a single 1 g. oral dose. A gas-liquid chromatographic method was used for assaying alclofenac in both plasma and synovial fluid. Alclofenac readily appears in the plasma and synovial fluid.
coefficients for the three subjects are 0 019, 0-029, and 0-024 respectively. While these show statistically significant differences (P< 0-05), they are small enough to be accounted for by the likely differences in albumin: globulin ratio between subjects rather than any genuine differences in albumin binding, for the cuffing method measures binding by all proteins, and globulin cannot be ignored.3The important question is whether individual determination of a binding coefficient by the proposed method will give a better correction for total protein binding of calcium than would the more straightforward use of average population coefficients for albumin and globulin. The within-subject coefficients of variation for the authors' three subjects arerage 12%, but a computer simulation of the four-point binding method which incorporates the authors' coefficients of variation for calcium and albumin analyses suggests that even this is likely to be too favourable an estimate. The analysis (see reporting the results of a double-blind crossover trial of equine ("natural") oestrogens against placebo in the treatment of 30 patients with menopausal symptoms (18 October, p 139) recorded raised plasma levels of the extrinsic clotting factors VII and X and accelerated prothrombin time after three months' treatment with conjugated equine oestrogens (Premarin 1-25 mg daily). We have recently completed investigations of the effects of both "natural" and syn.thetic oestrogens on climacteric symptoms, blood biodhemistry, and blood clotting in perimenopausal patients.' We similarly found a significant increase in the levels of factors X and VII and accelerated prothrombin times in patients who had received either conjugated equine oestrogens (1-25 mg daily) or ethinyloestradiol (0 03 mg daily) for three months.However, the study of Dr Coope and her colleagues was confined to evaluating equine "natural" oestrogens and their findings imply that other "natural" oestrogens might also accelerate blood clotting factors. Such a conclusion would be at variance with our own data, obtained in a double-4blind, betweenpatient study over six months of the effects of oestrone piperazine sulphate (Harmogen, 3-0 mg daily), ethinyloestradiol (0 03 mg daily), and placebo in 60 perimenopausal patients. At each monthly assessment tests of blood clotting and platelet studies were performed, of which the following are relevant to the present communication: prothrornbin time (BCR)2; platelet aggregation time; fibrinogen assay3; cephalin time; and assays of factors X4 and VII.5Of 79 patients admitted, 60 completed the six-month trial: eight of the 19 withdrawn developed adverse effects to the active treatments and 10 patients receiving placebo were withdrawn because of failure to control the severity of menopausal symptoms. The results of coagulation studies are shown in the accompanying table. Significant increases (P<005) in the levels of fibrinogen and factors VII and X and acceleration (P<0 01) in prothrombin, cephalin, and platelet aggregation times...
Blood flow in the middle uterine artery was measured with electromagnetic blood flow probes, and placental lactogen in jugular and uterine venous plasma was estimated as total lactogenic activity using a radioreceptor assay. There was no circadian variation in uterine arterial blood flow in late pregnancy (Days 105-124) and the pattern of blood flow varied between goats. Blood flow was quite stable for periods of up to 40 min although at other times a rapid fall (by up to 90%) was followed by a gradual recovery. These spontaneous changes lasting up to 30 min could not be consistently related to postural or behavioural changes. Acute decreases of about the same duration could also be induced by administration of adrenaline. In the short-term there was no association between uterine blood flow and total lactogenic activity in the peripheral circulation during spontaneous or adrenaline-induced depression of blood flow. More limited short-term observations on total lactogenic activity in the uterine vein also failed to show a relationship with blood flow in the uterine artery.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.