The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) biodegradation potential of the five basidiomycetes' fungal monocultures and their cocultures was compared with that of a Pseudomonas isolate recovered from oil-spilled soil. As utilization of hydrocarbons by the microorganisms is associated with biosurfactant production, the level of biosurfactant production and its composition by the selected microorganisms was also investigated. The Pseudomonas isolate showed higher ability to degrade three of the five PAHs but the isolate did not produce biosurfactant higher than C. versicolor and P. ostreatus. Among the PAHs, the most effective biodegradation of PAH--pyrene (42%)--was obtained with the fungus C. versicolor. Cocultures involving the fungi and Pseudomonas could not significantly degrade the selected PAHs compounds above that degraded by the most efficient monoculture. A slight increase in pyrene degradation was observed in cocultures of C. versicolor and F. palustris (93.7% pyrene). The crude biosurfactant was biochemically characterized as a multicomponent surfactant consisting of protein and polysaccharides. The PAH biodegradation potential of the basidiomycetes fungi positively correlated with their potential to express ligninolytic enzymes such as lignin peroxidase (Lip), manganese peroxidase (Mnp), and laccase. The present study utilized in silico method such as protein-ligand docking using the FRED in Open Eye software as a tool to assess the level of ligninolytic enzymes and PAHs interactions. The in silico analysis using FRED revealed that of the five PAHs, maximum interaction occurred between pyrene and all the three ligninolytic enzymes. The results of the in silico analysis corroborated with our experimental results showing that pyrene was degraded to the maximum extent by species such as C. versicolor and P. ostreatus.
Aim of this study was to evaluate the antagonistic potential of epibiotic bacteria from seaweeds, Ulva lactuca, Dictyota dichotoma and Padina tetrastromatica against some potent human pathogens. The epibiotic bacteria of Ulva lactuca shows higher level of inhibition properties than the other species. The strain UL1 shows broad spectrum inhibitory activity against 7 pathogens. The inhibitory level of epibiotic bacteria ranged from low to moderate activity. The present investigation suggests that the epibiotic bacteria are good source for the isolation of antibacterial compounds of biomedical importance. The compounds can further be purified and can used to save mankind from dreadful diseases.
The current study focused on to evaluate the bioactive potential and immunostimulant effect of seaweeds in striped murrel Channa punctatus against the fish pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila. The aqueous extracts of seaweeds, Glacilaria foliifera, Acanthophora spicifera and Ulva lactuca were obtained in four different concentrations (25 µL, 50 µL, 75 µL and 100 µL) and evaluated for their immunostimulant potential. Aqueous extract of G. foliifera and A. spicifera has shown promising activity against fish pathogen. G. foliifera exhibited higher bacterial inhibitory zone of 8mm at 100 µL concentration followed by A. spicifera with 6mm at same concentration. The disease challenge study was used to ascertain the immunostimulant efficacy of active seaweed extracts. C. punctatus was administrated with the A. hydrophila and then fed with artificial feed incorporated with seaweeds extract. The survival rate seems to be higher in G. foliifera (80%) when compared with A. spicifera (60%). Observed result shows that both seaweeds possess active metabolites which may pave the way for the discovery of novel compounds with immunostimulant potential, which can be used in the field of aqua industry to augment disease management.
Keywords: Seaweed, Bioactive compounds, Aeromonas hydrophila, Gracilaria polifera
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