Porenrauminjektionen mit Acrylatgel werden zur Festigkeitssteigerung und zur Abdichtung des Baugrunds durchgeführt. Um die Standsicherheit eines Bauwerks nach dem Injektionsvorgang zuverlässig beurteilen zu können, müssen die Injektionskörper auf ihr bodenmechanisches Verhalten untersucht werden. Das Bruchverhalten wird hierbei häufig mit dem Mohr‐Coulombschen Bruchkriterium für Boden und Fels abgebildet. Experimentelle Laborversuche an Acrylatgel‐Injektionskörpern haben gezeigt, dass der Zuwachs der Scherfestigkeit bei steigender Normalspannung nichtlinear ist und in der Konsequenz mit dem Mohr‐Coulombschen Bruchkriterium die Festigkeit des Injektionskörpers überschätzt wird. Auf dieser Erkenntnis aufbauend wurden an einer Baugrube numerische Vergleichsberechnungen durchgeführt. In den Berechnungen wurden u. a. die Bruchkriterien nach Mohr‐Coulomb und Hoek‐Brown berücksichtigt. Basierend auf den experimentellen und numerischen Untersuchungen wird ein für die Baupraxis relevantes Bruchkriterium für Acrylatgel‐Injektionskörper vorgestellt, das es ermöglicht, die Festigkeit bzw. die Standsicherheit eines Bauwerks zutreffend beurteilen zu können.
Nowadays, polymers are well-established in geotechnical applications, for example as grouting material for soil and rock stabilization, or as grouting material for anchorages. Concerning ground improvement, the polymers act as a binder that, if cured, holds the grains together by adhesive and cohesive forces. This special characteristic enables the use of less material and therefore saves costs but requires detailed knowledge of the material behavior to avoid application errors. The subject of this research work are two different polymers, which are used for partial saturation of the ground. For the investigation of the mechanical and hydraulic properties of the ground improvement, the geotechnical testing program on the composite material of polymers and gravel is extended by special tests, such as rheometer tests, for chemical grouts. If the polymers are used correctly, the composite material can achieve a load-bearing capacity comparable to that of concrete while the material remaining permeable. This is highlighted by strength tests on the composite material. Finally, the numerical calculation of a track ballast stabilization, using PFC-FLAC3D coupling, demonstrates the potential of the polymers for practical application and that even difficult ground conditions can be handled with it.
Gravitational mass movements, such as rockfalls or landslides, represent geo-risks that require geotechnical safety measures in order to avert monetary damage and to protect human life. For the targeted stabilization and consolidation of rock masses, the gluing of rock which is known from mining and tunnel construction, is ideal. Here, an adhesive is grouted into the rock fissures which, when cured, hold the rock together by means of adhesive and cohesive forces. The selection of the right adhesive is of great importance, as it has a decisive influence on the mechanical properties of the rock and thus determines the success of the securing measure. Various adhesives such as resins and acrylate gel were examined in an extensive experimental laboratory program which was expanded to include numerical simulations with FLAC3D. The subject of the laboratory tests are jointed sandstone samples. The test program of the rock mechanical standard tests was supplemented by special tests, such as adhesive tensile strength tests to determine the adhesion between adhesive and sandstone. In order to assess the effectiveness of the adhesive bond, glued and intact sandstone samples were compared. Based on the experimental and numerical investigations, the application possibilities and limits of different polymer-based adhesives are shown and an application recommendation is given.
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