The marine algae Spirulina platensis was cultured in a medium of palm oil mill effluent (POME) and the production of lipid in the biomass was optimized. Among 7 species Spirulina platensis was isolated from the marine sample which have greater lipid potential was collected from Pantai Teluk Cempedak, Kuantan which is located at East Coast region of Pahang state. At 28+2 °C, the maximum lipid content in the biomass harvested at the end of a 15 days batch culture was quantified with the following values of the experimental factors: POME concentration with (10%, 20% and 30%) (v/v) and light intensity (3,000 lux, 4,000 lux, 5,000 lux). Under the optimized conditions with 20% of POME, the maximum dry mass concentration of the was 754.5 mg L−1 with lipid 34.5% production on day 13 of a batch culture, declining to ∼687 mg L−1 on day 15. At 5,000 lux light intensities, the maximum yield obtained was 854.6 mg L−1 with lipid 35.8% production on day 14, it declined to 732.8 mg L−1 on day 15.
Freshwater microalgae Chlorella sp. was isolated from the water body of Taman Gelora, Kuantan, Pahang. The isolated monoculture was cultured in different concentration of POME (10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%, v/v) as substrate. The maximal growth and biomass productivity were found in 30% (v/v) of POME. The maximal dry biomass 1.56 g/L was obtained and extracted 39.1% lipid, approximating similar productivity as in conventional BG-11 medium 1.65 g/L of biomass and 41.5% lipid. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis shows the composition of fatty acids such as linolelaidic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, elaidic acid, and α-linoleic acid dominant. The highest fatty acid is linolelsidic acid (41.69%). POME has the potential to be used as a substrate for microalgae Chlorella sp. cultivation.
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