A research and development (R&D) project related to the extension of the Geant4 toolkit has been recently launched to address fundamental methods in radiation transport simulation. The project focuses on simulation at different scales in the same experimental environment; this problem requires new methods across the current boundaries of condensedrandom-walk and discrete transport schemes. The new developments have been motivated by experimental requirements in various domains, including nanodosimetry, astronomy and detector developments for high energy physics applications.
A R&D project has been recently launched to investigate Geant4 architectural design in view of addressing new experimental issues in HEP and other related physics disciplines. In the context of this project the use of generic programming techniques besides the conventional object oriented is investigated. Software design features and preliminary results from a new prototype implementation of Geant4 electromagnetic physics are illustrated. Performance evaluations are presented. Issues related to quality assurance in Geant4 physics modelling are discussed.
We investigate the production, signatures, and backgrounds of a pair of heavy-exotic charged leptons and a heavy-exotic neutrino in association with the exotic charged lepton in the framework of the vector singlet model, vector doublet model, and fermion-mirror-fermion model, at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. We show that the cross sections for the production of a pair of heavy exotic leptons are competitive with the ones for the single production of exotic leptons.
O uso da técnica de modelagem matemática pelo método de Monte Carlo (MC) utiliza funções probabilísticas e números "aleatórios" para a realização de cálculos que simulam sistemas físicos, como o transporte de partículas radioativas. A determinação das primeiras e segundas camadas semirredutoras para um espectro determinado e uma distância pré-definida testou e verificou as vantagens e desvantagens de cada código na resolução de uma tarefa comum. Os resultados foram coerentes, mas discrepantes entre si entre 2,5 e 6,0 %, concluindo que os quatro códigos são poderosos e de fácil utilização, requerendo pouco conhecimento de linguagem computacional, inicialmente.
Anualmente, diversos radiofármacos são utilizados em mais de 50 procedimentos clínicos diferentes em todo o Brasil. Sendo assim, profissionais inseridos nas diversas práticas de Medicina Nuclear que envolvem atividades ligadas a radio-emissores de alta energia representam um grupo de maior exposição à radiação e justificam esforços permanentes na otimização de riscos radiológicos. A utilização de técnicas avançadas de monitoração representa um importante subsídio para a avaliação da exposição ocupacional em instalações e a consequente redução das doses individuais. Neste trabalho foi feita a implementação de um fantoma de mão e antebraço em código Geant4, para a avaliação da exposição ocupacional de extremidades de trabalhadores que realizam práticas de Medicina Nuclear. O modelo de simulação oferecido pelo Geant4 inclui um conjunto completo de recursos, com a reconstrução de trajetórias, geometrias e modelos físicos. Para este trabalho, os valores calculados em simulação são comparados com as taxas medidas por dosímetros termoluminescentes (TLDs) em fantoma físico REMAB®. A partir da análise dos dados obtidos através da simulação e experimentação, dentre os 14 pontos estudados, observouse uma discrepância de até 8,2% dos valores de kerma encontrados. O fantoma geométrico implementado em código de Monte Carlo Geant4 foi devidamente validado e poderá ser usado, posteriormente, para a avaliação de doses em extremidades.
With technological advances in several research areas of science, it is becoming increasingly common to use computer programs to solve problems. Some of these programs are based on statistical analysis and simulation of reality, such as the Monte Carlo Method (MC). The MC is a statistical tool widely used in different areas of knowledge, as a resource for simulating events that involve from financial assessments to the interaction of radiation with matter. Thereby, surveys with radiation sources, for example, are constantly evolving to study the question of radiation protection. In this sense, this paper has as main objective to verify the relevance of the MC for the area of radiation protection, analyzing the studies that apply the method in the Postgraduate Program (PPG) in Radiation Protection and Dosimetry of Institute of Radiation Protection and Dosimetry (IRD). This is because it is understood thatthrough the application of Scientific Knowledge Management (SKM) the construction of knowledge happens through an exchange of scientific information, that is, exchange of relevant contents that help in the preservation of knowledge.In this sense, a bibliometric analysis of the dissertations and theses deposited in Brazilian bank was made using the search term "Monte Carlo" and its respective programs (PENELOPE, GEANT4, EGSnrc, MCNP and Visual Monte Carlo), to be found in the title, abstract or keywords. With the identification of works carried out in all areas of concentration of the PPG, it is understood that the MC is extremely relevant for studies in the area of radiation protection.
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