Both the mono-treatments (CBT and SSRI) and the combined treatment (CBT + SSRI) proved to be effective treatments for PD. At post-test, CBT + SSRI was clearly superior to CBT, but differences between CBT + SSRI and SSRI, and between SSRI and CBT, were small.
Cognitive behavioral therapy is associated with the lowest societal costs. Cognitive behavioral therapy and CBT+SSRI are more cost-effective treatments for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia as compared to SSRI only.
Exposure in vivo, rational emotive therapy, and self-instructional training were compared with 43 agoraphobics as subjects. After six treatment sessions exposure in vivo was clearly superior to the cognitive treatment on measures of phobic anxiety and avoidance. Additional exposure in vivo sessions for all conditions led to continuing improvement. Results at the posttest suggest that the cognitive strategies did not enhance the effects of exposure in vivo.
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