Problem statement:In order to evaluate drought stress and methanol on yield and yield components of soybean in field experiments with factorial experiment inform of a randomized complete block design with three replication in field faculty of agricultural of Islamic Azad University Karaj, at 2008. First factor were sprayed aqueous solutions 0 (control), 7, 14.21, 28 and 35% (v/v) methanol by 3 times during growth season of soybean with 12 days intervals on shoot of soybean. Second factor were drought stress condition in two levels 40 and 70% base of depletion available soil moisture. Approach: This study measured grain yield, biomass HI, 1000 grain weigh, high plants, number of branch, diameter of stem, number of pod on plant, number of hollow pod. Results: Results of the experiment indicated that significant differences exist (p>0.05) between sprayed of solution methanol on parameters. Results also showed that was significant (p>0.05) differences between effect of drought stress levels on measured parameters. Effect of aqueous solution 14, 21 and 28% (v/v) methanol on measured parameters was greater than other treatments. Foliar application of 14 and 21% (v/v) methanol increased leaf area index, crop growth rate, pod growth rate, leaf area duration, pod yield, seed yield, weight of 1000 kernel, mature pods per plants. Conclusion: The lowest grain yield obtained in control and 35% (v/v) methanol treatments. Interaction effects were not significant.

To investigate the effects of sowing dates and late season water deficit stress on quantitative and qualitative traits of different canola cultivars, a 2-year field experiment was carried out in the 2014–2015 and 2015–2016 growing seasons. The experimental factors consisted of sowing date at two levels (7th and 27th October), irrigation at two levels (full irrigation and irrigation termination at silique formation stage) and four German canola cultivars including Trapper, Makro, Smilla, and Agamax. The results indicated that the main effects of sowing date, irrigation, and cultivar were significant on all studied characteristics except for harvest index. The interaction between sowing date and irrigation was also statistically significant on silique number per plant, oil percentage, linolenic acid, and erucic acid percentage. The results demonstrated that seed yield and its components oil percentage and oil yield, as well as oleic and linoleic acid percentage, decreased when sowing date was delayed until 27th October. Due to irrigation termination, all the studied traits decreased except for linolenic and erucic acid. Seed yield also decreased. The results suggest that to improve seed and oil yield, canola should be sown on 7th October and fully irrigated until physiological maturity stage in the study area.

Problem statement: Many cultivated area are situated in arid zone, where crop photosynthesis and productivity has limited by drought. Thus any treatment, such as methanol, that improve plant water relation and reduce stress impacts, could be benefit. Approach: In order to investigate effects of methanol application on some physiological properties of soybean under low water stress, a factorial experiment was done at Research Field of Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Islamic Azad University-Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran, during 2008, based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was different levels of methanol equal to 0 (control), 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 volumetric percentage (v/v), which were used as foliar applications at three times during growth season of soybean, with 15 days intervals. The second factor was water stress conditions in two levels, based on depletion of 40 and 70% of available soil moisture. Some traits such as Grain Yield, Relative Water Content (RWC), chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll content were measured, one day before and after the third methanol application. Results: Chlorophyll content (Chl), GY, Electrolytes Leakage at second sampling, photochemical capacity of PSII (F v /F m ), maximum and variable fluorescence (F m and F V , respectively) were affected by water stress significantly (p<0.05). As drought severity was increased, mean values of photochemical capacity of PSII, Chl and RWC tend to decline, whereas minimum fluorescence (F 0 ) and Electrolytes Leakage were increased. Methanol foliar application influenced significantly (p<0.05) Chl, RWC, Grain Yield, and all fluorescence parameters. There was a positive, high correlation between GY with maximum fluorescence, photochemical capacity and also Chl and RWC in both samplings. Conclusion: It seems applying methanol on water stressed soybean plants can reduce harmful effects of drought and improve plant potential to cope with stress.

Objectives: Nowadays, vitamin D3 (VitD3) deficiency is among the most common dietary deficiencies around the world. Researchers have paid more attention to VitD3 because it is a vital element of the body and has a plausible relationship with various diseases such as diabetes mellitus type II. This study was conducted to examine the prevalence of vitamin D3 deficiency and its relationship with blood sugar levels in people with diabetes undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods: An observational study was conducted in 2017 in Shahid Madani Hospital, Tabriz, Iran, for 8 months. Due to the use of census sampling, only 115 patients with diabetes and open-heart surgery were enrolled in the study. A questionnaire collected information on the participants' demographics, medical history, VitD3 levels and blood glucose levels. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 25.  Independent t-test was used to compare quantitative data, and chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables. Results:  One hundred and fifteen out of 348 patients who had CABG surgery were diabetic. Moreover, 24.7% of patients with diabetes had VitD3 deficiency. The results of the coefficient-correlation test indicated that there was a significant relationship between the mean blood glucose level and VitD3 level (p  < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that patients with diabetes can improve their blood glucose control after CABG surgery by taking sufficient VitD3. Therefore, it should be considered as a principle of the hospital operation to prescribe VitD3 prior to surgery for these patients.