River Cauvery, one of the perennial rivers of southern India, originates in Talakaveri, Brahmagiri Hills (12°25'N & 75°34'E) of the Western Ghats, in Coorg District of Karnataka and flows eastwards through Tamil Nadu into Bay of Bengal Sea. It runs a distance of 1171km with many contributories and tributaries. The major reservoir of river Cauvery in Tamil Nadu is Mettur Dam, where from water is usually released for irrigation from July to January. Due to minimum water flow from March to June the river bed between the river Anicut to the tail end zone gradually dries up leading to mass mortality of Macrobrachium species (Mariappan & Balasundaram, 1999).In this study, the freshwater prawn distribution in river Cauvery was studied from Mettur, Jedarpalayam, Grand Anicut and Lower Anicut, and Muthupettai in river Koraiyaru, a tributary of Cauvery. Among these, Lower Anicut is the main collection center for juveniles of Macrobrachium malcolmsonii, where the Tamil Nadu State Fisheries Department has the sole authority for the collection and sale of prawn seeds during monsoon. Farmers from the entire state come here to purchase juveniles for prawn farming from October to January.
The physico-chemical changes may have the tendency to accumulate in the various organs of estuarine organisms, especially fish which may in turn enter into the human metabolism through consumption causing serious hazards. Hence, the present study was carried out to determine the physico-chemical characteristics of water and Ichthyofauna in Arasalar estuary in southeast coast of India for the period of 1 year during September 2012-August 2013. The environmental parameters such as, temperature, pH, salinity, DO, silicate, nitrate and phosphate were observed from Department of Zoology, Rajah Serfoji Goverment College, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India. During the period of study, air temperature varied from 28.8 to 35°C. The surface water temperature also varied from 25 to 31.5°C. The monthly mean values of hydrogen ion concentration of water varied from 7.1 to 8.2. The salinity of water varied from 5.5 % to 34. Dissolved oxygen in Arasalar estuary was varied from 3.5 to 7.2 mg/l. The total phosphorus varied from 0.29 to 2.15 lg/1. The nitrate varied from 0.47 to 3.75 lg/l. The silicate content varied from 28.25 to 98.74 lg/l. Totally 866 fishes were collected belonging to 4 orders and 5 families. Mystus gulio was found to be the dominant species (25.40 %) in the study area.
This paper develops a lot-sizing model for deteriorating items by allowing the demand and the deterioration time to be stochastic and follows an exponential distribution. The formula for the essential parameters are derived. The model is tested with the empirical data and the results are furnished.
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