Avaliou-se o desempenho de seis híbridos de coqueiro para produção de frutos e de albúmen sólido fresco no Município de Moju, PA. Os híbridos avaliados foram: PB 121 (Anão-amarelo da Malásia x Gigante Oeste Africano); PB 111 (Anão-vermelho de Camarões x Gigante Oeste Africano); PB 141 (Anão-verde do Brasil x Gigante Oeste Africano); PB 123 (Anão-amarelo da Malásia x Gigante de Renel); PB 132 (Anão-vermelho da Malásia x Gigante da Polinésia) e PB 113 (Anão-vermelho de Camarões x Gigante de Renel), em delineamento em blocos casualizados com seis repetições. Verificou-se, pela análise de variância, diferença significativa para tratamentos, resultante da heterogeneidade do material genético estudado. As fontes de variação ano e a interação anos x tratamentos foram também altamente significativas, evidenciando que o comportamento dos híbridos foi induzido por aquelas fontes de variação. Considerando o desempenho dos híbridos no período de 9 anos de avaliação para produção de frutos e de albúmen fresco, pode-se recomendar para plantio os híbridos PB 111, PB 113, PB 141 nas condições do Estado do Pará, com vistas a atender às indústrias (albúmen sólido), quanto à venda de cocos "in natura" para consumo de água.
-The assessment of the nutritional status of plants by leaf diagnosis such as the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) has stood out among traditional methods of interpreting the results of plant tissue analysis. For coconut, nutritional monitoring through foliar analysis has been pointed as an efficient method for fertilizer recommendation, and the results have been traditionally interpreted using the critical level of sufficiency ranges criteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status and establish nutritional standards for the cultivation of hybrid coconut in the municipality of Moju, Pará, using DRIS. The leaf analysis and productivity results of 134 observations for the period 2001-2011 were used to form the database. The most common deficiencies found were lack of K, and possibly excess of Mg. The order of nutrient limitation was K> P> Ca> Fe> N> O> B> Zn> Cu> Mn> Mg. Ca, Fe and K nutrients are more likely to positively respond to fertilization, since Mg, Cu and Mn were diagnosed as having the greatest likelihood of negative response to fertilization. It was also found that N and P are elements that are in the best nutritional balance condition. Regression equations for the relationship between nutrient content in hybrid coconut leaves and its DRIS indexes were adjusted, which allowed establishing nutrient reference values based on DRIS.
RESUMO -O presente trabalho objetivou realizar a seleção genética de indivíduos híbridos superiores de coqueiro a partir da avaliação de 1.080 plantas para produção de frutos e de albúmen fresco, visando a ao fornecimento de sementes e/ou clones melhorados para plantio no Pará. Empregaram-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso e os métodos Blupis e Blupis-Biefeitos, visando identificar em quais parcelas estão os melhores indivíduos e quantos indivíduos devem ser selecionados de cada parcela. Foram avaliados os caracteres número de frutos (NF), peso de albúmen fresco por fruto (PAFF) e peso de albúmen fresco por planta (PAFP), em nove safras anuais. As estimativas dos coeficientes de determinação genética entre médias de progênies variaram de 81,12% a 97,38%, propiciando acurácias seletivas de 90,07% a 98,68% para a seleção entre famílias híbridas. A interação famílias x safras foi de grande magnitude para os caracteres NF e PAFP, conforme revelado pelas baixas (40,77% a 63,36%) correlações genotípicas através das safras. O procedimento Blupis -Biefeitos indicou a seleção de 66 plantas, sendo 48 da família PB113 e 18 da família PB111, propiciando intensidade de seleção de 6,1% e ganho genético de 9,95%. Termos para indexação: Cocos nucifera, BLUPIS, BLUP/REML, seleção, modelos mistos. GENETIC SELECTION IN HYBRID PROGENIES OF COCONUT PALMABSTRACT -The present study aimed the genetic selection of superior hybrid individuals of coconut palm from the evaluation of 1080 plants for the production of fruits and fresh albumen, aiming the supply of improved seeds and/or clones for plantation in Pará. The experimental design was randomized blocks and the methods Blupis and Blupis-Biefeitos were used to identify in which plots were the best individuals and how many individuals had to be selected in each plot. The characters evaluated were: number of fruits (NF), weight of fresh albumen per fruit (WFAF) and weight of fresh albumen for plant (WAFP), in nine annual harvests. The estimates of the coefficients of genetic determination between averages of progenies varied from 81.12% to 97.38%, promoting a selective accuracy from 90.07% to 98.68% for the selection among hybrid families. The interaction families x harvests was of great magnitude for the characters NF and WFAF, as revealed by the low (40.77% 63.36%) genotypic correlations throughout the harvests. The BlupisBiefeitos procedure indicated the selection of 66 plants, being 48 from the PB113 family and 18 from the PB111 family, propitiating a selection intensity of 6.1% and a genetic gain of 9.95%.
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