In this work we make a comparative analysis of the dynamics for two variants of seedling planting machines equipped with distributors and articulated buckets respectively: with the seedlings being placed in the furrow opened by a coulter; with the seedling being planted directly into the ground. The dynamics of the seedling planting machine equipped with vertical distributors and articulated buckets is seen from the perspective of the working process involving the placement of the seedling in the ground, its release, its covering with earth and its additional compaction. In principle, furrow opening is performed by a coulter and the vertical distributor with articulated buckets places and releases the seedling in the furrow, in the first variant, and in the second one, the seedling is inserted and released directly into the ground. In the paper are written the mathematical relations describing the dynamics of the seedling planting machine, in the two variants, and we perform their testing, make recordings, interpret the results, reach conclusions and make recommendations on the optimum variant. The agro-technical parameters and tensile strength of the planting machine are analysed in the two functional variants. The experiments were performed under the same working conditions for both variants analysed.
In the paper there are some comparative researches on planting machines with nutrient bale, equipped with rotary bucket dispensers, which are the most used models due to the fact that they are the most efficient and the most spread at the present time for planting seedlings. We will limit ourselves to the analysis of the representative types, from a constructive and functional point of view, namely, the machines equipped with articulated bucket dispensers, their vertical rotation, respectively those with fixed bucket dispensers, with rotation in horizontal plane. Some achievements are being made worldwide in the field of planting machinery, especially those equipped with rotary disc and bucket dispensers .In addition to their constructive and functional description, there is an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of each type achieved, seen from the perspective of complying with the seedling planting technology, on the one hand, and functionality, maintenance and economic aspects, on the other hand. Recommendations of agro-technical and technological requirements are presented for planting seedlings, such as: rows planted to be straight, deviations from the permitted row axis are max. 5 % within ± 20 mm; the planting depth can be achieved within 30-150 mm; the position of the planting seedlings is as close as possible to the vertical; the percentage of seedlings improperly planted (inclined more than 300 to the vertical, ground covered, left on the ground or damaged) is less than 5 %. The tested equipments are presented, their characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, the conditions under which the experiments were carried out will also be presented, as well as the equipment used to perform the experiments. The results obtained constitute the basis for comparative analysis and summaries, the constructive types analysed are identified, specifying for each of how they meet, or not, the agri-technical requirements imposed on the work of planting seedlings, depending on the advantages and disadvantages presented for each type are analysed. Based on the analysis carried out, conclusions on the results are obtained and recommendations on optimal solutions are presented.
This paper presents the results obtained regarding the realization of a functional model of equipment for managing in-depth amendments on salted lands and the results regarding the effect of the work performed in three soil conditions. At the same time, the physical properties of the amendment used (phosphogypsum), determined in laboratory conditions, in order to know the problems that may occur during the application work, are presented.
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