In [1976][1977], at the Donetsk branch of NIGRI, plans were drawn up for the ER-315/630 bucket-wheel excavator with increased digging force, intended for working compact clays and kaolins in sites of the Ministry of F e r r o u s Metallurgy [Minchermet] of the USSR. The first e~perimental specimen was built in the electromechanical workshops of the Mining Administration of the Semiluki R e f r a c t o r i e s Works. Use was made of the experience gained in building and using small bucket-wheel excavators at the Chasov-Yar, Vladimirovka, and other deposits of r e f r a c t o r i e s raw m a t e r i a l s in the Ukraine, and also at q u a r r i e s attached to the Semiluki works.The machine is a swiveling tracked bucket-wheel excavator ( Fig. 1), cutting laterally, with a stationary balanced rotor arm, an unbalanced discharge a r m of the cantilever type, and a rotating platform carrying the equipment, gantry, control cabin, and electrical gear and also a counterweight for the rotor arm. The a r m s are hung from cables; this simplifies servicing and improves the reliability in winter. The a r m s are swiveled and raised by independent drives. The machine is controlled from a cabin containing a control panel. The discharge a r m can be controlled remotely. The drives for the main and auxiliary m e c h a n i s m s are fitted with ac motors.The working parts of the excavator include a r o t o r arm, a take-up conveyer, and the cutting head with a drive consisting of an electric motor, a clutch, and a reducing gear.The metal body of the rotor a r m is a box g i r d e r with constant width and varying depth. The fork carrying the rotor a r m and the pivot where the a r m is attached to the gantry are also box-shaped. The conveyer is mounted on the arm.The cutting head of the excavator is a bucket-wheel of the nonchambered type with unilateral gravitational discharge. The rotor wheel is fitted with ten buckets. The bottom of the bucket can be of the chain or continuous type.The shaft mounting of the rotor wheel (Fig. 2) includes the wheel 1, hub 2 with a cylindrical well and a conical surface, shaft 3 with two conical bearing surfaces, split bush 4, p r e s s u r e plate 5, draw-in bolts Fig. 1. The ER-315/630 bucket-wheel excavator at the face.Soyuzogneupor, DonNIGRI. Semiluki R e f r a c t o r i e s Works.
With the aim of improving the reliability and ease of maintenance of the ERG-120 excavator, at DonNIGRI we have modified its facilities [i] --the drives to the caterpillar tracks, conveyers, and dependent and independent slewing of the dumping arm, the gantry, and the cabin.In the modification of the drive to the caterpillar tracks, the RM'650 reducing gear and the open transmission, which did not have rigidly centered gearing, were united in a three-stage reducing gear 1 (Fig. 1) with an overall transmission ratio of i = 100.9. The welded casing of the reducing gear was made the same for the right-hand and left-hand drives. Output shaft--pinion 2, meshing with gear wheel 3, is fixed in bearings 4 and serves as the main support of the gear mechanism. An additional support is provided by pivot 5, welded to the casing on the same side as the output shaft, and fixed to bracket 6 of the rear beam. To the same bracket is fixed electric motor 7. Shaft and pinion 2 and gear wheel 3 are made single instead of double, with an increased module m = 22. The boring of holes in the drive casing for shaft and pinion 2 and driving half-axle 8 from one setting gives adequate centering of the final drive. The principal kinematic characteristics of the caterpillar track drive are listed in Table 1.Instead of a one-stage reducing gear and an open-toothed transmission with internal gearing, the rim of which is made integral with the drum, the conveyer drives have a two-stage reducing gear. The drive of the dumping conveyer is fitted with an output pinion on the shaft of the drum; in the drive to the feed conveyer the output shaft is connected to the drum shaft by means of a flanged coupling. The dram is in turn fixed to a shaft which bears on the roller bearing. The reducing gear of the damping conveyer is connected to the electric motor by a uni~rsal-joint shaft, and the reducing gear of the feed conveyer is connected by an elastic coupling.Deviation of the discharge end of the dumping conveyer from its longitudinal axis as a result of eccentricity of the axes of rotation of the dumping and rotor arms is governed by the transmission ratio of the drive for dependent rotation of the dumping arm. With the aim of reducing the deviation in the last open transmission of the drive, the number of teeth of the gears and correspondingly the intercenter distance are altered. The rate of independent rotation of the damping arm is increased by using an AO2-42-4 motor with a rotation frequency of 1440 rpm.The gantry was reconstructed with the aim of increasing its rigidity and strength. The general design of the gantry --a three-dimensional tetrahedral truss narrower at the top --was not altered; but the struts
The working plans for a small rotary excavator of the ERP-470 type with an improved cutting force have been drawn up at the Donets Branch of the Scientific-Research Mining Institute (DMI). The excavator is designed for all-year selective removal of soft rocks, mainly refractory clay, and is to replace the rotary excavatory of the ERG-120 type widely used in the quarries of the "Ukrgneuporneurd" Refractory Organization.Two modifications of the new excavator have been manufactured at the Dokuchaev Production Section of the ChasovYarsk Pilot Plant. The basic model is used at the Velikoanadolsk Refractory Combine (VAOC), and the modification with lower force parameters at the quarries of the Priazov Mining Board for the extraction of secondary kaolins and refractory clays.By comparison with the ERG-120 type excavator, the new excavator has a more powerful drive; higher speed rotor; a two-motor rotor drive; a box-section rotor boom of shorter length; and less eccentricity of the axes rotation of the platform and dumpting boom (1.2 m); a rotating platform supported directly on the truck and mounted on its metal construction; a winched dumping boom mounted on the metal construction of the boom at its base; increased strength in all units, primarily in the metal construction; and a rotor equipped with buckets which have angled welded teeth [i]. At the VAOC quarry which works the secondary kaolins from the Vladimirsk Deposits whose strength is greater than that of the kaolins from other similar deposits, industrial tests were carried out on the ERP-470 rotary excavator. During the tests, teams from the DMI and the Kiev Engineering and Construction Institute (KECI) measured the power of the electric motor drives of the rotor and the rotation of the platform and the cutting parameters; they determined the productivity of the excavator; measured the main physicomechanical parameters of the kaolin. Workers from the Volnovakhsk Health Station BAOC inspected the intensity of illumination, the resistance of the insulation, and the grounding equipment; the off-loading from the scoops of the ERP-470 and ERG-120M excavators was filmed by the team from the DMI for industrial investigations into their off-loading capacities.
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