ResumoAtualmente mais de 79% das argilas bentoníticas industrializadas são oriundas das jazidas de Boa Vista, PB. Estes jazimentos vêm sendo minerados de forma desordenada há mais de 40 anos, resultando no esgotamento das variedades mais nobres, havendo sério prejuízo para qualidade do produto final. As empresas mineradoras impõem rígidas condições de comercialização para os produtores, condicionando a aquisição das variedades menos nobres junto às variedades que ainda apresentam propriedades mais adequadas e frequentemente as variedades menos nobres são descartadas no processo produtivo. Este trabalho teve o objetivo otimizar as propriedades reológicas das novas ocorrências de argilas bentoníticas do estado da Paraíba, utilizando a técnica de planejamento experimental de misturas, a fim de adequá-las às exigências da Petrobras e da indústria nacional. As argilas utilizadas foram provenientes dos municípios de Olivedos e Boa Vista, PB. As amostras de argilas foram misturadas utilizando a técnica mencionada e caracterizadas física, química, térmica e mineralogicamente. Após caracterização as argilas foram transformadas em sódicas e foram determinadas suas propriedades reológicas para uso em perfuração de poços de petróleo de acordo com a norma da Petrobras. As variáveis respostas, viscosidade aparente, viscosidade plástica e volume de filtrado, foram avaliadas mediante análises das superfícies de respostas. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que as argilas estudadas são promissoras para usos em fluidos de perfuração. Observaram-se ainda melhoras significativas de suas reologias após mistura com as argilas de Boa Vista, PB. Palavras-chave: fluidos de perfuração, argilas bentoníticas, propriedades reológicas, planejamento experimental. Abstract Currently over 79% of industrialized bentonite clays in Brazil come from Boa Vista, PB. These bentonite deposits have been mined disorderly for over 40 years, resulting in the depletion of the noblest varieties, with serious damage to the final product quality. Mining companies impose strict marketing conditions for producers, conditioning the purchase of the less noble varieties with the varieties that still have more suitable properties, and often the less noble varieties are discarded in the production process. This work aimed to optimize the rheological properties of new occurrences of bentonite clays from Paraíba State using the experimental design technique of mixtures in order to adapt them to the requirements of Petrobras and national industry. The clays used in this study
Over the past few years, considerable research has been conducted using the techniques of mixture delineation and statistical modeling. Through this methodology, applications in various technological fields have been found/optimized, especially in clay technology, leading to greater efficiency and reliability. This work studied the influence of carboxymethylcellulose on the rheological and filtration properties of bentonite dispersions to be applied in water-based drilling fluids using experimental planning and statistical analysis for clay mixtures. The dispersions were prepared according to Petrobras standard EP-1EP-00011-A, which deals with the testing of water-based drilling fluid viscosifiers for oil prospecting. The clay mixtures were transformed into sodic compounds, and carboxymethylcellulose additives of high and low molar mass were added, in order to improve their rheology and filtrate volume. Experimental planning and statistical analysis were used to verify the effect. The regression models were calculated for the relation between the compositions and the following rheological properties: apparent viscosity, plastic viscosity, and filtrate volume. The significance and validity of the models were confirmed. The results showed that the 3D response surfaces of the compositions with high molecular weight carboxymethylcellulose added were the ones that most contributed to the rise in apparent viscosity and plastic viscosity, and that those with low molecular weight were the ones that most helped in the reduction of the filtrate volume. Another important observation is that the experimental planning and statistical analysis can be used as an important auxiliary tool to optimize the rheological properties and filtrate volume of bentonite clay dispersions for use in drilling fluids when carboxymethylcellulose is added.
New deposits of bentonite clays have been discovered in the Brazilian State of Paraíba; the most recent was at the municipality of Olivedos. Recent studies have discovered the presence of high levels of non-clay minerals that can produce unsatisfactory results when attempting to use these clays in drilling fluids. In order to make them suitable for this purpose, the MgO and CaCl 2 as chemical additives were used and their influences on the rheological properties of these clays were analyzed, using an experimental planning technique and statistical analysis. The samples were obtained using experimental modeling by the delineation of mixtures technique; first, the clays were transformed with sodium carbonate and then dosed with MgO and CaCl 2 . The rheological properties, apparent viscosity (AV) and plastic viscosity (PV) were determined according to the Petrobras standard (AV≥15 cP; PV≥4 cP). The results showed that the values of AV and PV increased considerably and that MgO was the additive that contributed most to the improvement of these properties, making these additives suitable for use in water-based drilling fluids. ResumoNovos depósitos de argila bentonítica foram descobertos no estado brasileiro da Paraíba, sendo o mais recente no município de Olivedos. Estudos recentes descobriram a presença de altos níveis de minerais não argilosos que podem produzir resultados insatisfatórios ao tentar usar essas argilas em fluidos de perfuração. Para torná-los adequados para esse fim, utilizaram-se MgO e CaCl 2 como aditivos químicos e analisaram-se suas influências nas propriedades reológicas dessas argilas, utilizando técnica de planejamento experimental e análise estatística. As amostras foram obtidas utilizando modelagem experimental pela técnica de delineamento de misturas; inicialmente as argilas foram transformadas com compostos de sódio e posteriormente dosadas com MgO e CaCl 2 . As propriedades reológicas, viscosidade aparente (AV) e viscosidade plástica (PV), foram determinadas de acordo com a normativa da Petrobras (AV≥15 cP; PV≥4 cP). Os resultados mostraram que os valores de AV e PV aumentaram consideravelmente e que o MgO foi o aditivo que mais contribuiu para a melhoria dessas propriedades, tornando-os adequados para uso em fluidos de perfuração à base de água. Palavras-chave: bentonitas de Olivedos, aditivos, fluidos de perfuração.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.