This paper presents a review of the engineering testing program related to development of the PGT-25 gas turbine. The experimental methods employed and their capability of providing information for the tuning of the engine and its parts are discussed. Testing has continuously supported turbine design and development; integration of analytical and experimental procedures has proven to be efficient for successful final engine testing. Full load testing, using well developed instrumentation, has made it possible to know actual component behavior and engine performance in steady and transient states, over the entire speed and power range. The reliability of the machine has been assessed through the results of these tests.
Instrumentation and measurements play a very special role in the advancement of gas turbine turbomachinery. In an industrial gas turbine experimental program, testing constantly flanks machine development and full-load testing of extensively instrumented units provides information on both overall and component performance. Rotordynamic testing is performed to determine, in ambient conditions, the optimum configuration for the rotor-bearing-casing assembly. Fluid-dynamic testing on models of the inlet duct, turbine casing and transition piece assembly and blade cooling system is carried out to minimize flow distortions or optimize cooling flows. Stress and modal analyses on turbine and compressor blades are performed, using 3D photoelasticity and holographic interferometry. In the full-load testing, the measurements include thermodynamic values, temperatures of the components, blade vibratory strains, blade tip clearances and axial displacements. Signals from rotating thermocouples and strain gages, installed on both turbine and compressor rotors, are transmitted using slip ring systems. HP blade temperature distribution is measured by means of the infrared pyrometer. Typical Campbell diagrams are derived from the blade strain gage measurements and are used for HCF verification. Radial and axial stator-to-rotor displacements are measured during transients.
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