The thermal properties of polymer fibers namely polyvinyl alcohol fiber (PVA) and polypropylene fiber (PP) have been taken for study to carry out this present work. Simulated pore solution (SPS) is prepared by using the combination of chemicals NaOH, KOH, and Ca(OH)2 with distilled water to study the effect of C-S-H gel formation on fibers. The fibers are dipped in the solution for 35 days. The thermal properties of raw and SPS-dipped fibers are fetched out by performing various tests such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). On analysis, the thermal properties of SPS-dipped fiber have better properties when compared with raw fiber. In FTIR analysis the first broad peak of both raw and SPS-dipped fibers are observed between 3000 cm−1 to 2800 cm−1 indicating that fibers have strong bond. In TGA analysis noted that the residual mass of raw fiber (77.19%) is higher than SPS-dipped fiber (52.33%) due to the formation of C-S-H gel formation. DSC analysis showed both endothermic and exothermic reaction under N2 atmosphere.
To gratify the escalating need for land, it is vital to improve the lands with loose weak soils. These problematic loose soils can be optimized by nurturing the shear strength, lessening the time and potential for settlement and also reducing the hydraulic conductivity of soil, by using Microbial induced calcite precipitation (MICP) process. This process of MICP is carried out by adding bacterial solution into soil specimen which is continued with inoculation of cementation reagents having urea and one calcium salt (CaCl2) for enormous times. As a result, calcite precipitate (CaCO3) is formed in the soil and stabilize the soil. In this study, a number of factors that are responsible for better formation of calcite precipitate are examined. This process mainly depends upon soil type, bacteria species, concentration of cementation solution, injection methods and also on pH, temperature conditions and curing period. The aim of this paper is to review the main factors that influence the MICP process, such as soil properties, bacterial species, nutrients, concentration of cementation solution, pH, temperature and injection methods.
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