Calcium hydroxyapatite (Ca-HAp) was synthesized from calcium carbonate (CaCO3) extracted from a paper mill sludge. The extraction of CaCO3 was carried out by chemical precipitation process and synthesized to HAp nanoparticle under appropriate stoichiometric condition through wet chemical precipitation process. The size of the HAp nanoparticle was 42.5 nm under an optimized aging period of 24 h. This work aims in the batch adsorption of arsenic, an anionic metal arsenic in the form of Arsenite: As(III) on the synthesized Ca-HAp in laboratory scale. Batch kinetics studies were conducted for varying operational parameters such as temperature, initial adsorbate concentration, dye solution pH and rotation speed (RPM). In comparison with the two suggested isotherm models, Langmuir isotherm was suited to this adsorption process with a correlation coefficient of 0.92 and isotherm constant as 1.18 (KL). Chemisorption was found to be the rate-limiting mechanism for the sorption of arsenite onto Ca-HAp and thus followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. A maximum monolayer adsorption of 0.43 mg/g of arsenic was obtained at an equilibrium time of 60 min with 93% to 94.2% removal efficiency.
Our perceptions, expectations, and ability to control over the world of building materials have transformed as a result of nanotechnology. The field of construction materials will be significantly impacted by advances in nanoscience. This study examines the steps used to stop or lessen concrete's deterioration, which contrasts with concrete with greater compressive strength. The mechanism of reaction clearly lays forth rules for how the likelihood of this disastrous reaction should be completely minimized. The microstructure of concrete became more homogeneous and less permeable as a result of the Nano filler effect and the pozzolanic reaction, which reduced permeability. The corrosion of the steel reinforcement, which is accelerated by the development of micro cracks, is one of the main inherent characteristics that contribute to the deterioration of structural elements. Impact of nano-silica particles on a blended cement paste's hydration, rheology, and strength development. An isothermal calorimetry reveals that nano silica particles cause cement to hydrate more quickly.
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