Summary Halothane as an anaesthetic was evaluated in 12 adult camels, thiopentone being used as an induction agent. In six camels, clinical signs and haematological and blood biochemical changes were investigated while in other six haemodynamic, acid base and blood gas changes were monitored. The dose of thiopentone required to ensure intubation for halothane anaesthesia was 7.25 ± 0.33 mg/kg. A modified technique of tracheal intubation was found to be safe and quick. During halothane administration all anaesthetic effects were predictable. Complete recovery occurred in 39.5 ± 9.8 min after discontinuation of halothane administration. Halothane moderated the thiopentone‐induced tachycardia. The mean arterial pressure decreased significantly. There was an increase in the arterial carbon dioxide and venous oxygen tension during halothane anaesthesia and development of hypoxaemia after its discontinuation. The alanine aminotransferase values increased during recovery, while plasma sodium, potassium and calcium decreased. Halothane appears to be safe for camels. However, to avoid hypoxaemia in the immediate post‐anaesthetic period, oxygen administration should be continued.

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The ruminant urinary tract is normally obscured by abdominal viscera, which hampers rediographic investigation by conventional urographic methods. A double contrast technique that uses pneumoperitoneum in conjunction with excretory urography is described. Bolus and infusion urographic techniques were used in sheep and calves. Only the infusion technique was used in cows. The radiographic anatomy of the upper urinary tract in these animals is described. Visualization of the nephrogram and collecting system varied, depending on the method of excretory urography used.

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