Based on the documents of the State Archive of the Altai Republic, the State Archive of the Novosibirsk Region, the State Archive of the Russian Federation, the Historical Archive of the Omsk Region, the article examines the implementation of the confessional policy of the Soviet state in Western Siberia in the first post-war years. Since the end of 1947, the state’s confessional policy had been gradually changing, as a result of which the religious communities of the country were increasingly subjected to administrative pressure from the Soviet authorities. During the registration procedure, believers faced numerous difficulties due to the unwillingness of local authorities to have operating parishes on their territory. The Orthodox communities of Western Siberia were no exception. In the territory under consideration in 1948–1953, multiple facts of administrative harassment by regional authorities were recorded, which led to low church attendance and an increase in the number of religious rites performed by believers at home. Often religious communities were placed in conditions under which the further functioning of the parish became impossible. Therefore, believers were forced to stop using houses of prayers. In addition, in the late 1940s — early 1950s, the functioning of churches was influenced by the processes of migration of rural population to the city, as well as by social and socio-cultural transformations in Soviet villages, as a result of which the population tried to avoid public visits to religious sites. The above factors led to an increase in the activities of unregistered ministers of worship, around whom a permanent circle of believers was formed. This, in turn, provoked the emergence of a large number of illegally functioning religious groups whose activities could hardly be controlled by the Soviet authorities in Western Siberia.
Анализируются особенности погребального обря-да и инвентаря, обнаруженные при исследовании кур-ганов скифской эпохи на могильнике Чинета-II, рас-положенного в Краснощековском районе Алтайского края (Северо-Западный Алтай). Источниковую ос-нову исследования составили результаты раскопок 13 курганов. Полученные артефакты имеют аналогии в материалах пазырыкской культуры, а также в памят-никах каменской культуры степного и предгорного Алтая. В целом, основная масса раскопанных курга-нов в рамках сравнительно-исторического подхода датирована IV-III вв. до н.э. В кургане №21 обнару-жено уникальное ювелирное изделие -золотая серь-га с подвесками, украшенная техникой зёрн. Такие изделия характерны для кочевых культур VI-V вв. до н.э., а также имеют параллели в ювелирной тради-ции Малой Азии, в том числе в изделиях ахеменидско-го круга. В курганах №21 и №31 обнаружены, кроме традиционных для пазырыкской культуры артефак-тов, фрагменты деревянных лаковых изделий, изго-товленных в Китае. Наличие определенных особен-ностей погребального обряда (вытянутое положение и западная ориентация умерших в могиле, особенно-сти погребальных конструкций, инвентаря, наличие двух могил под одной курганной насыпью, планигра-фическое расположение курганов и др.) свидетель-ствует об интенсивных процессах этнокультурного взаимодействия носителей пазырыкской культуры, ко-чевников степной и предгорной зон Алтая и сакских племен Казахстана. Обнаружение импортных пред-метов показывает направления и характер торгово-обменных отношений.Ключевые слова: скифская эпоха, погребальный об-ряд, кочевники, инвентарь, Алтай, этнокультурные процессы.The article analyzes the features of the burial rite and inventory discovered in the study of burial mounds of the Scythian era on the Chineta-II (burial ground) situated in Krasnoshchekovskiy district of Altai krai (North-Western Altai). The source basis of the study was the results of the excavation of 13 mounds. The resulting artifacts have analogies in the materials of the Pazyryk culture, as well as in the monuments of the Kamenka culture of the steppe and the foothills of Altai. In general, the bulk of the excavated mounds in the framework of the comparative-historical approach is dated 4-3centuries BC. In kurgan N 21 the discovery was made of a unique piece of jewelry -a golden earring with pendants, decorated with the technique of grain. These products are typical for the nomadic cultures of the 6-5 centuries BC, and also have Parallels in the jewelry traditions of Asia Minor, including the products of the Achaemenid circle In mounds №21 and №31 besides the traditional Pazyryk artifacts the discovery was made of the fragments of wooden lacquerware, made in China. The presence of certain features of the burial rite (retracted position and the western orientation of the dead in the grave, the features of the burial structures, inventory, the presence of two graves under one mound, planographics location of mounds, etc.), testifies to the intensive processes of ethno-cultural interaction of the bearers of th...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.