Graded-index surface or buried waveguides have been realized by thermal or electrically induced ionic exchange in glass. Deep waveguides can be obtained up to 200 microm when Li(+) ions are used. Using Ag(+) ions, buried waveguides can be obtained with a maximum index at 80 microm into the substrate. Typical losses for these devices are 0.5 dB/cm. Maximum index variations can be tuned from 0 to 0.11.
An analogy between the mode equation and Schrodinger's equation has been used to show that the important parameter to study in waveguiding systems is the square of the effective index of a mode rather than the effective index itself. This method was used to interpret simply and analytically some results published earlier. The agreement with the interpretation published originally is shown to be very good. No computing is involved. A quasi-linear index profile has been observed.
A gradient index having 0.22 as maximum value has been obtained in a TiF(6) Schott glass by the ion exchange technique. Index profiles and ionic concentration are presented. The reasons for such a high gradient are analyzed.
Nous montrons comment on peut, à l'aide de l'analogie entre l'équation des modes TE d'un guide et l'équation de Schrôdinger, étudier théoriquement des guides d'ondes lumineuses à gradient d'indice. Nous appliquons cette méthode aux guides réalisés par échange Li+ ↔ Na+ ou Ag+ ↔ Na+, dans un verre au sodium. L'accord entre théorie et expériences est excellent
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