CYPlA gene expression has been implicated in the processing of environmental procarcinogens and levels of variation in CYPlA mRNA expression are high in both environmentally exposed and chemically treated Atlantic tomcod. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of physical and biological parameters such as temperature, sex, and reproductive state on within-group variation in CYPlA mRNA induction. Levels of variation in CYPlA mRNA expression were directly correlated with mean levels of gene induction. Our results indicate that sex and reproductive state, but not temperature, had significant effects on CYPlA mRNA inducibility in tomcod; however, these parameters did not account for all interindividual variation in CYPlA inducibility. dther intrinsic biological factors, such as genetic polymorphisms in molecular pathways leading to CYPlA induction, may contribute to the high levels of interindividual variation in CYPlA inducibility in Atlantic tomcod. -
We exposed 5 8, 12 and 15 wk old larval lumpfish Cyclopterus lumpus L to a predator (three-splned stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus) in order to test whether or not lumpfish would reduce foraglng In order to reduce the probabll~ty of being attacked We found that 5 to 12 wk old larvae increased the time they spent clinglng to a surface In the presence of the predator, thereby trading-off time available for foraglng in order to reduce the probabll~ty of attack Overall, fewer fish fed in the presence of a predator, and of the f~s h that d~d feed, 12 wk old lumpfish also showed a significant decrease In feeding rate (bltes per minute swimming) In the presence of a predator The behav~ourial anti-predator defences d~splayed by the lumpf~sh would be effective in the environment in which the larval lumpfish are naturally found We dlscuss the appllcab~lity of the results of t h~s study to other larval flsh
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